Recombinant Mouse CCL9/10/MIP-1 gamma Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Gln22-Gln122
Analysis
Product Datasheets
463-MG (with carrier)
463-MG/CF (carrier free)
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
463-MG
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 25 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
463-MG/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: CCL9/10/MIP-1 gamma
Mouse CCL9/10 (also named MIP-1 gamma and MRP-2) is an 11 kDa, secreted, monomeric polypeptide that belongs to the beta (or CC) intercrine family of chemokines (1 - 3). Based on its activity and amino acid (aa) sequence, it is further classified as a member of the NC6 or six cysteine-containing CC subfamily of chemokines (2, 4, 5). This subfamily contains four N-terminally extended chemokines, two human (CCL15 and CCL23) and two mouse (CCL9 and CCL10). Within this subfamily, there are no human-to-rodent interspecies orthologs. Mouse CCL9/10 is synthesized as a 122 aa precursor that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and a 101 aa mature region with six cysteines. As noted, the mature region has an expanded N-terminus relative to other CC family members, and it forms a third intrachain disulfide bond with its two extra cysteines (3 - 7). Mouse CCL9/10 is 75% aa identical to rat CCL9/10 (8). Chemokines are known to undergo proteolytic processing to generate multiple isoforms. NC6 chemokines are usually only marginally active at full length, but are converted to highly active forms upon N-terminal truncation. Mature CCL9, in the presence of inflammatory fluids, is naturally truncated by 28, 29 or 30 aa at the N-terminus, generating a highly active, 8 kDa, 71 - 73 aa CCR1 ligand. In contrast, other CCR1 ligands, CCL3/MIP-1 alpha and CCL5/RANTES, lose their potency when proteolytically processed. CCL9/10 is constitutively secreted, and circulates as a full-length molecule. Any onset of inflammation with subsequent enzyme release may act on local NC6 chemokines, generating early, potent leukocyte chemoattractants (5, 7).
- Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie (2000) Immunity 12:121.
- Zlotnik, A. et al. (1999) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 19:1
- Mohamadzadeh, M. et al. (1996) J. Immunol. 156:3102.
- Haelens, A. et al. (1996) Immunobiology 195:499.
- Berahovich, R.D. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 174:7341.
- Youn, B-S. et al. (1995) J. Immunol. 155:2661.
- Poltorak, A.N. et al. (1995) J. Inflamm. 45:207.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse CCL9/10/MIP-1 gamma Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Astroglial TLR9 antagonism promotes chemotaxis and alternative activation of macrophages via modulation of astrocyte-derived signals: implications for spinal cord injury
Authors: L Li, L Ni, RF Heary, S Elkabes
J Neuroinflammation, 2020-02-25;17(1):73.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Chemokine-Binding Proteins Encoded by Parapoxvirus of Red Deer of New Zealand Display Evidence of Gene Duplication and Divergence of Ligand Specificity
Authors: S Sharif, N Ueda, Y Nakatani, LM Wise, S Clifton, Z Lateef, AA Mercer, SB Fleming
Front Microbiol, 2019-06-25;10(0):1421.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types:
Applications: Binding Assay -
Estrogen-dependent and C-C chemokine receptor-2-dependent pathways determine osteoclast behavior in osteoporosis.
Authors: Binder NB, Niederreiter B, Hoffmann O, Stange R, Pap T, Stulnig TM, Mack M, Erben RG, Smolen JS, Redlich K
Nat. Med., 2009-03-29;15(4):417-24.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
MIP-1 gamma promotes receptor-activator-of-NF-kappa-B-ligand-induced osteoclast formation and survival.
Authors: Okamatsu Y, Battaglino R, Spate U, Stashenko P
J. Immunol., 2004-08-01;173(3):2084-90.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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