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Recombinant Bovine TNF-alpha Protein

Catalog #: 2279-BT
13 Citations Datasheet

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
2279-BT-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
2279-BT-025
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Citations (13)
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Bovine TNF-alpha Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The ED50 for this effect is 0.025-0.1 µg/mL.
When cytotoxicity is measured on the porcine PK-15 cells, the ED50 is 0.05-0.15 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived bovine TNF-alpha protein
Leu78-Leu234, with an N-terminal Met
Accession #
Q06599
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Met
Predicted Molecular Mass
17.6 kDa

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2279-BT (with carrier)

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2279-BT/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

2279-BT

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

2279-BT/CF

Formulation Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped with dry ice or equivalent. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after opening.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after opening.

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (1, 2). Bovine TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 178 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, bovine TNF-alpha shares 64%-83% sequence identity with canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, mouse, porcine, rat, and rhesus TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells (1, 2). TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (4). Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I (2, 5). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (6-8). TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (9, 10) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII (11, 12), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 2, 13). Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity (14), although only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-alpha (15).

References
  1. Zelova, H. and J. Hosek (2013) Inflamm. Res. 62:641.
  2. Juhasz, K. et al. (2013) Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 9:335.
  3. Cludts, I. et al. (1993) Cytokine 5:336.
  4. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
  5. Perez, C. et al. (1990) Cell 63:251.
  6. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
  7. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
  8. Gearing, A.J.H. et al. (1994) Nature 370:555.
  9. Schall, T.J. et al. (1990) Cell 61:361.
  10. Loetscher, H. et al. (1990) Cell 61:351.
  11. Dembic, Z. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:231.
  12. Smith, C.A. et al. (1990) Science 248:1019.
  13. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324.
  14. Pinckard, J.K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:10784.
  15. Engelmann, H. et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265:1531.
Long Name
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Entrez Gene IDs
7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 102139631 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
Alternate Names
APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha; TNF-alpha; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFG1F; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Citations for Recombinant Bovine TNF-alpha Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

13 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Senescent response in inner annulus fibrosus cells in response to TNF?, H2O2, and TNF?-induced nucleus pulposus senescent secretome
    Authors: Montgomery-Song, A;Ashraf, S;Santerre, P;Kandel, R;
    PloS one
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Adseverin, an actin-binding protein, modulates hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and osteoarthritis progression
    Authors: Chan, B;Glogauer, M;Wang, Y;Wrana, J;Chan, K;Beier, F;Bali, S;Hinz, B;Parreno, J;Ashraf, S;Kandel, R;
    Science advances
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Conserved regulatory logic at accessible and inaccessible chromatin during the acute inflammatory response in mammals
    Authors: A Alizada, N Khyzha, L Wang, L Antounians, X Chen, M Khor, M Liang, K Rathnakuma, MT Weirauch, A Medina-Riv, JE Fish, MD Wilson
    Nature Communications, 2021-01-25;12(1):567.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Chondroprotective effects of 4-methylumbelliferone and hyaluronan synthase-2 overexpression involve changes in chondrocyte energy metabolism
    Authors: K Terabe, Y Ohashi, S Tsuchiya, S Ishizuka, CB Knudson, W Knudson
    J. Biol. Chem., 2019-10-16;0(0):.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. DAMPs Synergize with Cytokines or Fibronectin Fragment on Inducing Chondrolysis but Lose Effect When Acting Alone
    Authors: L Ding, JA Buckwalter, JA Martin
    Mediators Inflamm., 2017-07-18;2017(0):2642549.
    Species: Bovine, Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. The Mechanism of Diabetic Retinopathy Pathogenesis Unifying Key Lipid Regulators, Sirtuin 1 and Liver X Receptor
    Authors: SS Hammer, E Beli, N Kady, Q Wang, K Wood, TA Lydic, G Malek, DR Saban, XX Wang, S Hazra, M Levi, JV Busik, MB Grant
    EBioMedicine, 2017-07-11;22(0):181-190.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. Possible Roles of CC- and CXC-Chemokines in Regulating Bovine Endometrial Function during Early Pregnancy
    Authors: R Sakumoto, KG Hayashi, S Fujii, H Kanahara, M Hosoe, T Furusawa, K Kizaki
    Int J Mol Sci, 2017-03-31;18(4):.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. High-Throughput Screening of Vascular Endothelium-Destructive or Protective Microenvironments: Cooperative Actions of Extracellular Matrix Composition, Stiffness, and Structure
    Authors: Y Ding, M Floren, W Tan
    Adv Healthc Mater, 2017-03-24;0(0):.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. G protein-coupled receptor 34 in ovarian granulosa cells of cattle: changes during follicular development and potential functional implications
    Authors: L J Spicer
    Domest. Anim. Endocrinol, 2016-12-11;59(0):90-99.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  10. Interferon regulatory factor 3 is a key regulation factor for inducing the expression of SAMHD1 in antiviral innate immunity
    Sci Rep, 2016-07-14;6(0):29665.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  11. Effect of mesenchymal precursor cells on the systemic inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction in an ovine model of collagen-induced arthritis.
    Authors: Dooley L, Abdalmula A, Washington E, Kaufman C, Tudor E, Ghosh P, Itescu S, Kimpton W, Bailey S
    PLoS ONE, 2015-05-07;10(5):e0124144.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  12. Expression of S100A6 in cardiac myocytes limits apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
    Authors: Tsoporis JN, Izhar S, Parker TG
    J. Biol. Chem., 2008-08-27;283(44):30174-83.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. Enhanced 15-HPETE production during oxidant stress induces apoptosis of endothelial cells.
    Authors: Sordillo LM, Weaver JA, Cao YZ, Corl C, Sylte MJ, Mullarky IK
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat., 2005-05-01;76(1):19-34.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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