Home / TNF-alpha / Recombinant Rat TNF-alpha Protein

Recombinant Rat TNF-alpha Protein

Catalog #: 510-RT
72 Citations 3 Reviews Datasheet

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
510-RT-010/CF
510-RT-050/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
510-RT-010
510-RT-050
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Product Details
Citations (72)
FAQs
Reviews (3)
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Rat TNF-alpha Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.1 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The ED50 for this effect is 4-20 pg/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived rat TNF-alpha protein
Leu80-Leu235, with an N-terminal Met
Accession #
P16599
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Met
Predicted Molecular Mass
17 kDa

Product Datasheets

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510-RT (with carrier)

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510-RT/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

510-RT

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS and DTT with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 10 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

510-RT/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS and DTT.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (1, 2). Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse and 69%-76% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells (1, 2). TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (4). Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I (2, 5). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (6-8). TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (9, 10) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII (11, 12), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 2, 13). Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity (14), although only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-alpha (15).

References
  1. Zelova, H. and J. Hosek (2013) Inflamm. Res. 62:641.
  2. Juhasz, K. et al. (2013) Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 9:335.
  3. Shirai, T. et al. (1989) Agric. Biol. Chem. 53:1733.
  4. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
  5. Perez, C. et al. (1990) Cell 63:251.
  6. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
  7. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
  8. Gearing, A.J.H. et al. (1994) Nature 370:555.
  9. Schall, T.J. et al. (1990) Cell 61:361.
  10. Loetscher, H. et al. (1990) Cell 61:351.
  11. Dembic, Z. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:231.
  12. Smith, C.A. et al. (1990) Science 248:1019.
  13. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324.
  14. Pinckard, J.K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:10784.
  15. Engelmann, H. et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265:1531.
Long Name
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Entrez Gene IDs
7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 102139631 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
Alternate Names
APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha; TNF-alpha; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFG1F; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Citations for Recombinant Rat TNF-alpha Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

72 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Changes in ion-channels in the dorsal root ganglion after exposure to autologous nucleus pulposus and TNF. A rat experimental study
    Authors: Håkansson, J;Juhlin, O;Hovannisyan, A;Rosendahl, J;Bogestål, Y;Olmarker, K;
    Journal of orthopaedics
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  2. An Animal Model for Chronic Meningeal Inflammation and Inflammatory Demyelination of the Cerebral Cortex
    Authors: Enz, LS;Winkler, A;Wrzos, C;Dasen, B;Nessler, S;Stadelmann, C;Schaeren-Wiemers, N;
    International journal of molecular sciences
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  3. PRDM16 deficiency in vascular smooth muscle cells aggravates abdominal aortic aneurysm
    Authors: Z Wang, X Zhao, G Zhao, Y Guo, H Lu, W Mu, J Zhong, M Garcia-Bar, J Zhang, YE Chen, L Chang
    JCI Insight, 2023-06-08;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Combinational Treatment Involving Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increased the Efficacy of Cell Therapy in Pancreatitis
    Authors: Kojima, H;Kushige, H;Yagi, H;Nishijima, T;Moritoki, N;Nagoshi, N;Nakano, Y;Tanaka, M;Hori, S;Hasegawa, Y;Abe, Y;Kitago, M;Nakamura, M;Kitagawa, Y;
    Cell transplantation
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. Inflammation and Syndecan-4 Shedding from Cardiac Cells in Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Heart Disease
    Authors: Strand, ME;Vanhaverbeke, M;Henkens, MTHM;Sikking, MA;Rypdal, KB;Braathen, B;Almaas, VM;T�nnessen, T;Christensen, G;Heymans, S;Lunde, IG;
    Biomedicines
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Myelin repair is fostered by the corticosteroid medrysone specifically acting on astroglial subpopulations
    Authors: M Silva Oliv, J Schira-Hei, L Reiche, S Han, VCM de Amorim, I Lewen, J Gruchot, P Göttle, R Akkermann, K Azim, P Küry
    EBioMedicine, 2022-08-08;83(0):104204.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. NF-kappaB p65 Attenuates Cardiomyocyte PGC-1alpha Expression in Hypoxia
    Authors: I Rabinovich, A Blant, R Dhingra, LA Kirshenbau, MP Czubryt
    Cells, 2022-07-13;11(14):.
    Species: Primate - C. aethiops
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. High-Throughput Analysis of Astrocyte Cultures Shows Prevention of Reactive Astrogliosis by the Multi-Nutrient Combination Fortasyn Connect
    Authors: A Badia-Sote, J de Vries, W Dykstra, LM Broersen, JM Verkuyl, AB Smit, MHG Verheijen
    Cells, 2022-04-22;11(9):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. Pathway-specific TNF-mediated metaplasticity in hippocampal area CA1
    Authors: A Singh, S Sateesh, OD Jones, WC Abraham
    Scientific Reports, 2022-02-02;12(1):1746.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay
  10. TNF-alpha-Mediated RIPK1 Pathway Participates in the Development of Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain in Rats
    Authors: JY Son, JS Ju, YM Kim, DK Ahn
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-01-03;23(1):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: Bioassay
  11. Neuroprotective Effects of Fingolimod in a Cellular Model of Optic Neuritis
    Authors: AA Candadai, F Liu, A Verma, MS Adil, M Alfarhan, SC Fagan, PR Somanath, SP Narayanan
    Cells, 2021-10-28;10(11):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  12. Actomyosin contractility confers mechanoprotection against TNFalpha-induced disruption of the intervertebral disc
    Authors: PA Hernandez, TD Jacobsen, NO Chahine
    Sci Adv, 2020-08-19;6(34):eaba2368.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. Serum IgG-induced microglial activation enhances neuronal cytolysis via the NO/sGC/PKG pathway in children with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome and neuroblastoma
    Authors: X Ding, W Yang, Q Ren, J Hu, S Yang, W Han, J Wang, X Wang, H Wang
    J Neuroinflammation, 2020-06-16;17(1):190.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  14. Interleukin-17 Reduces &betaENaC via MAPK Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
    Authors: JW Duncan, JP Granger, MJ Ryan, HA Drummond
    Int J Mol Sci, 2020-04-22;21(8):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  15. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-&alpha determines its protective or damaging effect on liver injury by regulating Yap activity
    Authors: S Zhao, J Jiang, Y Jing, W Liu, X Yang, X Hou, L Gao, L Wei
    Cell Death Dis, 2020-01-27;11(1):70.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture, In Vivo
  16. Microglia-Triggered Plasticity of Intrinsic Excitability Modulates Psychomotor Behaviors in Acute Cerebellar Inflammation
    Authors: M Yamamoto, M Kim, H Imai, Y Itakura, G Ohtsuki
    Cell Rep, 2019-09-10;28(11):2923-2938.e8.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  17. TNF-?/STAT3 pathway epigenetically upregulates Nav1.6 expression in DRG and contributes to neuropathic pain induced by L5-VRT
    Authors: HH Ding, SB Zhang, YY Lv, C Ma, M Liu, KB Zhang, XC Ruan, JY Wei, WJ Xin, SL Wu
    J Neuroinflammation, 2019-02-08;16(1):29.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  18. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Reduce A1 Astrocytes via Downregulation of Phosphorylated NF?B P65 Subunit in Spinal Cord Injury
    Authors: L Wang, S Pei, L Han, B Guo, Y Li, R Duan, Y Yao, B Xue, X Chen, Y Jia
    Cell. Physiol. Biochem., 2018-10-30;50(4):1535-1559.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  19. Microglia Responses to Pro-inflammatory Stimuli (LPS, IFN?+TNF?) and Reprogramming by Resolving Cytokines (IL-4, IL-10)
    Authors: S Lively, LC Schlichter
    Front Cell Neurosci, 2018-07-24;12(0):215.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  20. Anti-Diabetic Effects of Acankoreagenin from the Leaves of Acanthopanax Gracilistylus Herb in RIN-m5F Cells via Suppression of NF-?B Activation
    Authors: MX Lu, Y Yang, QP Zou, J Luo, BB Zhang, XQ Liu, EH Hwang
    Molecules, 2018-04-19;23(4):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  21. The role of transcriptional factor D-site-binding protein in circadian CCL2 gene expression in anti-Thy1 nephritis
    Authors: Y Lu, Y Mei, L Chen, L Wu, X Wang, Y Zhang, B Fu, X Chen, Y Xie, G Cai, X Bai, Q Li, X Chen
    Cell. Mol. Immunol., 2018-03-22;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  22. TSG-6 secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the TLR2/NF-?B signaling pathway
    Authors: H Yang, W Tian, S Wang, X Liu, Z Wang, L Hou, J Ge, X Zhang, Z He, X Wang
    Lab. Invest., 2018-02-26;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  23. Analytical performance of a commercial multiplex Luminex-based cytokine panel in the rat
    Authors: T Erkens, N Goeminne, A Kegels, M Byloos, P Vinken
    J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods, 2018-01-31;91(0):43-49.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  24. CETSA quantitatively verifies in vivo target engagement of novel RIPK1 inhibitors in various biospecimens
    Authors: T Ishii, T Okai, M Iwatani-Yo, M Mochizuki, S Unno, M Kuno, M Yoshikawa, S Shibata, M Nakakariya, T Yogo, T Kawamoto
    Sci Rep, 2017-10-12;7(1):13000.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  25. A neuropeptide, Substance-P, directly induces tissue-repairing M2 like macrophages by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway even in the presence of IFN?
    Authors: JE Lim, E Chung, Y Son
    Sci Rep, 2017-08-25;7(1):9417.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  26. Wound healing protects against chemotherapy-induced alopecia in young rats via up-regulating interleukin-1?-mediated signaling
    Authors: O Stojadinov, TC Wikramanay, AC Villasante, NC Yin, L Liang, E Hinde, J Escandon, M Tomic-Cani, DM Ansell, R Paus, JJ Jimenez
    Heliyon, 2017-05-30;3(5):e00309.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  27. Loss of MURC/Cavin-4 induces JNK and MMP-9 activity enhancement in vascular smooth muscle cells and exacerbates abdominal aortic aneurysm
    Authors: K Miyagawa, T Ogata, T Ueyama, T Kasahara, N Nakanishi, D Naito, T Taniguchi, T Hamaoka, N Maruyama, M Nishi, T Kimura, H Yamada, H Aoki, S Matoba
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2017-04-19;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  28. Inhibition of Autophagic Degradation Process Contributes to Claudin-2 Expression Increase and Epithelial Tight Junction Dysfunction in TNF-� Treated Cell Monolayers
    Authors: C Zhang, J Yan, Y Xiao, Y Shen, J Wang, W Ge, Y Chen
    Int J Mol Sci, 2017-01-17;18(1):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  29. Curcumin inhibits glial scar formation by suppressing astrocyte-induced inflammation and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo
    Authors: Jiangkai Lin
    Brain Res., 2016-11-16;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  30. Cobrotoxin extracted from Naja atra venom relieves arthritis symptoms through anti-inflammation and immunosuppression effects in rat arthritis model
    Authors: Fang Lin
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2016-11-10;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  31. HLA-B27-Homodimer-Specific Antibody Modulates the Expansion of Pro-Inflammatory T-Cells in HLA-B27 Transgenic Rats.
    Authors: Marroquin Belaunzaran O, Kleber S, Schauer S, Hausmann M, Nicholls F, van den Broek M, Payeli S, Ciurea A, Milling S, Stenner F, Shaw J, Kollnberger S, Bowness P, Petrausch U, Renner C
    PLoS ONE, 2015-06-30;10(6):e0130811.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  32. Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor in Muller glia cells is regulated by a redox-dependent mRNA stability mechanism.
    Authors: Agca C, Boldt K, Gubler A, Meneau I, Corpet A, Samardzija M, Stucki M, Ueffing M, Grimm C
    BMC Biol, 2015-04-25;13(0):30.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  33. Distinct terminal and cell body mechanisms in the nociceptor mediate hyperalgesic priming.
    Authors: Ferrari L, Araldi D, Levine J
    J Neurosci, 2015-04-15;35(15):6107-16.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  34. Microglial activation enhances associative taste memory through purinergic modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
    Authors: Delpech J, Saucisse N, Parkes S, Lacabanne C, Aubert A, Casenave F, Coutureau E, Sans N, Laye S, Ferreira G, Nadjar A
    J Neurosci, 2015-02-18;35(7):3022-33.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  35. Accounting for the delay in the transition from acute to chronic pain: axonal and nuclear mechanisms.
    Authors: Ferrari L, Bogen O, Reichling D, Levine J
    J Neurosci, 2015-01-14;35(2):495-507.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  36. Neuropathic pain is constitutively suppressed in early life by anti-inflammatory neuroimmune regulation.
    Authors: McKelvey R, Berta T, Old E, Ji R, Fitzgerald M
    J Neurosci, 2015-01-14;35(2):457-66.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  37. Ceruloplasmin potentiates nitric oxide synthase activity and cytokine secretion in activated microglia.
    Authors: Lazzaro M, Bettegazzi B, Barbariga M, Codazzi F, Zacchetti D, Alessio M
    J Neuroinflammation, 2014-09-16;11(0):164.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  38. Inflammation induces irreversible biophysical changes in isolated nucleus pulposus cells.
    Authors: Maidhof R, Jacobsen T, Papatheodorou A, Chahine N
    PLoS ONE, 2014-06-17;9(6):e99621.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  39. Unbiased expression mapping identifies a link between the complement and cholinergic systems in the rat central nervous system.
    Authors: Lindblom R, Strom M, Heinig M, Al Nimer F, Aeinehband S, Berg A, Dominguez C, Vijayaraghavan S, Zhang X, Harnesk K, Zelano J, Hubner N, Cullheim S, Darreh-Shori T, Diez M, Piehl F
    J Immunol, 2013-12-18;192(3):1138-53.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  40. Neuronal synapse formation induced by microglia and interleukin 10.
    Authors: Lim S, Park E, You B, Jung Y, Park A, Park S, Lee J
    PLoS ONE, 2013-11-22;8(11):e81218.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  41. Astrocytes acquire resistance to iron-dependent oxidative stress upon proinflammatory activation.
    Authors: Macco R, Pelizzoni I, Consonni A, Vitali I, Giacalone G, Martinelli Boneschi F, Codazzi F, Grohovaz F, Zacchetti D
    J Neuroinflammation, 2013-10-28;10(0):130.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  42. Galectin-9 protein is up-regulated in astrocytes by tumor necrosis factor and promotes encephalitogenic T-cell apoptosis.
    Authors: Steelman A, Smith R, Welsh C, Li J
    J Biol Chem, 2013-07-08;288(33):23776-87.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  43. Regulation of NOX-1 expression in beta cells: a positive feedback loop involving the Src-kinase signaling pathway.
    Authors: Weaver J, Taylor-Fishwick D
    Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2013-02-11;369(1):35-41.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  44. Adrenocorticotropic hormone ameliorates acute kidney injury by steroidogenic-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
    Authors: Si J, Ge Y, Zhuang S, Wang L, Chen S, Gong R
    Kidney Int, 2013-01-16;83(4):635-46.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  45. Glial tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) generates metaplastic inhibition of spinal learning.
    Authors: Huie JR, Baumbauer KM, Lee KH, Bresnahan JC, Beattie MS, Ferguson AR, Grau JW
    PLoS ONE, 2012-06-20;7(6):e39751.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  46. Inhibiting nonmuscle myosin II impedes inflammatory infiltration and ameliorates progressive renal disease.
    Authors: Si J, Ge Y, Zhuang S, Gong R
    Lab. Invest., 2010-01-11;90(3):448-58.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  47. IL-1beta receptor blockade protects islets against pro-inflammatory cytokine induced necrosis and apoptosis.
    Authors: Schwarznau A, Hanson MS, Sperger JM, Schram BR, Danobeitia JS, Greenwood KK, Vijayan A, Fernandez LA
    J. Cell. Physiol., 2009-08-01;220(2):341-7.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  48. Distribution and tumor necrosis factor-alpha isoform binding specificity of locally administered etanercept into injured and uninjured rat sciatic nerve.
    Authors: Kato K, Kikuchi S, Shubayev VI, Myers RR
    Neuroscience, 2009-02-27;160(2):492-500.
    Applications: Western Blot
  49. Cell death after spinal cord injury is exacerbated by rapid TNF alpha-induced trafficking of GluR2-lacking AMPARs to the plasma membrane.
    Authors: Ferguson AR, Christensen RN, Gensel JC, Miller BA, Sun F, Beattie EC, Bresnahan JC, Beattie MS
    J. Neurosci., 2008-10-29;28(44):11391-400.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  50. Supraspinal glial-neuronal interactions contribute to descending pain facilitation.
    Authors: Wei F, Guo W, Zou S, Ren K, Dubner R
    J. Neurosci., 2008-10-15;28(42):10482-95.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  51. Deleterious role of TNF-alpha in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    Authors: Berger S, Savitz SI, Nijhawan S, Singh M, David J, Rosenbaum PS, Rosenbaum DM
    Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2008-08-01;49(8):3605-10.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  52. Tumor necrosis factor alpha: activity dependent expression and promotion of cortical column sleep in rats.
    Authors: Churchill L, Rector DM, Yasuda K, Fix C, Rojas MJ, Yasuda T, Krueger JM
    Neuroscience, 2008-07-18;156(1):71-80.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  53. Rat pneumonia and soft-tissue infection models for the study of Acinetobacter baumannii biology.
    Authors: Russo TA, Beanan JM, Olson R, MacDonald U, Luke NR, Gill SR, Campagnari AA
    Infect. Immun., 2008-06-09;76(8):3577-86.
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  54. Cytokine mRNA induction by interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha in vitro and in vivo.
    Authors: Taishi P, Churchill L, De A, Obal F, Krueger JM
    Brain Res., 2008-06-05;1226(0):89-98.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  55. Tumor necrosis factor alpha enhances the sensitivity of rat trigeminal neurons to capsaicin.
    Authors: Khan AA, Diogenes A, Jeske NA, Henry MA, Akopian A, Hargreaves KM
    Neuroscience, 2008-06-05;155(2):503-9.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  56. Hydralazine reduces leukocyte migration through different mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.
    Authors: Rodrigues SF, de Oliveira MA, Dos Santos RA, Soares AG, de Cassia Tostes R, Carvalho MH, Fortes ZB
    Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2008-05-15;589(1):206-14.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  57. Regulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 and the IKK-NF-kappaB pathway by LDL receptor-related protein explains the antiinflammatory activity of this receptor.
    Authors: Gaultier A, Arandjelovic S, Niessen S, Overton CD, Linton MF, Fazio S, Campana WM, Cravatt BF, Gonias SL
    Blood, 2008-03-27;111(11):5316-25.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Binding Assay, Bioassay
  58. Inhibition of rho family functions by lovastatin promotes myelin repair in ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    Authors: Paintlia AS, Paintlia MK, Singh AK, Singh I
    Mol. Pharmacol., 2008-01-31;73(5):1381-93.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  59. A shed form of LDL receptor-related protein-1 regulates peripheral nerve injury and neuropathic pain in rodents.
    Authors: Gaultier A, Arandjelovic S, Li X, Janes J, Dragojlovic N, Zhou GP, Dolkas J, Myers RR, Gonias SL, Campana WM
    J. Clin. Invest., 2008-01-01;118(1):161-72.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  60. Central blockade of melanocortin receptors attenuates the metabolic and locomotor responses to peripheral interleukin-1beta administration.
    Authors: Whitaker KW, Reyes TM
    Neuropharmacology, 2007-11-05;54(3):509-20.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  61. Cytokine regulation of MMP-9 in peripheral glia: implications for pathological processes and pain in injured nerve.
    Authors: Chattopadhyay S, Myers RR, Janes J, Shubayev V
    Brain Behav. Immun., 2006-12-26;21(5):561-8.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  62. TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin.
    Authors: Figiel I, Dzwonek K
    Brain Res., 2006-12-11;1131(1):17-28.
    Applications: Western Blot
  63. In vivo modulation of LPS-induced alterations in brain and peripheral cytokines and HPA axis activity by cannabinoids.
    Authors: Roche M, Diamond M, Finn DP
    J. Neuroimmunol., 2006-09-29;181(1):57-67.
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  64. P2Y1 receptor-evoked glutamate exocytosis from astrocytes: control by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandins.
    Authors: Domercq M, Brambilla L, Pilati E, Marchaland J, Volterra A, Bezzi P
    J. Biol. Chem., 2006-08-01;281(41):30684-96.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  65. Peptide YY attenuates STAT1 and STAT3 activation induced by TNF-alpha in acinar cell line AR42J.
    Authors: Robinson K, Vona-Davis L, Riggs D
    J. Am. Coll. Surg., 2006-05-01;202(5):788-96.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  66. The injury response of oligodendrocyte precursor cells is induced by platelets, macrophages and inflammation-associated cytokines.
    Authors: Rhodes KE, Raivich G, Fawcett JW
    Neuroscience, 2006-04-21;140(1):87-100.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  67. Discovery of S-[5-amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methanone (RO3201195), an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase.
    Authors: Goldstein DM, Alfredson T, Bertrand J, Browner MF, Clifford K, Dalrymple SA, Dunn J, Freire-Moar J, Harris S, Labadie SS, La Fargue J, Lapierre JM, Larrabee S, Li F, Papp E, McWeeney D, Ramesha C, Roberts R, Rotstein D, San Pablo B, Sjogren EB, So OY, Talamas FX, Tao W, Trejo A, Villasenor A, Welch M, Welch T, Weller P, Whiteley PE, Young K, Zipfel S
    J. Med. Chem., 2006-03-09;49(5):1562-75.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  68. Inflammatory signalling pathways involved in astroglial activation by unconjugated bilirubin.
    Authors: Fernandes A, Falcao AS, Silva RF, Gordo AC, Gama MJ, Brito MA, Brites D
    J. Neurochem., 2006-02-10;96(6):1667-79.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  69. TNFalpha-induced MMP-9 promotes macrophage recruitment into injured peripheral nerve.
    Authors: Shubayev VI, Angert M, Dolkas J, Campana WM, Palenscar K, Myers RR
    Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 2005-11-16;31(3):407-15.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, N/A
    Applications: In Vivo, Western Blot
  70. Differential cytokine response in interstitial fluid in skin and serum during experimental inflammation in rats.
    Authors: Nedrebo T, Reed RK, Jonsson R, Berg A, Wiig H
    J. Physiol. (Lond.), 2004-01-14;556(0):193-202.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  71. Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in protecting the brain during innate immune response.
    Authors: Nadeau S, Rivest S
    J. Neurosci., 2003-07-02;23(13):5536-44.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  72. In altering the release of glucocorticoids, ketorolac exacerbates the effects of systemic immune stimuli on expression of proinflammatory genes in the brain.
    Authors: Blais V, Zhang J, Rivest S
    Endocrinology, 2002-12-01;143(12):4820-7.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo

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