Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Protein

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
1445-PL-050/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
1445-PL-050
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Citations (4)
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Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Nb2‑11 rat lymphoma cells. Gout, P.W. et al. (1980) Cancer Res. 40:2433. The ED50 for this effect is 0.25-1 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived mouse Prolactin protein
Leu32-Cys228, with an N-terminal Met
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Met
Predicted Molecular Mass
22.6 kDa

Product Datasheets

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1445-PL (with carrier)

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1445-PL/CF (carrier free)

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

1445-PL

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

1445-PL/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Prolactin

Prolactin (gene name PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females (1-3). Mouse Prolactin is predominantly found as 23 kDa non-glycosylated monomers. Mouse prolactin shares 60% and 85% amino acid sequence identity with human and rat prolactin, respectively; however, activation of the human prolactin receptor by rat prolactin has been demonstrated (3). Prolactin is synthesized mainly by the anterior pituitary in all mammals, where secretion is under tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine (2, 3). Secretion can be stimulated by suckling and diurnally by estradiol in rodents during pro-estrus and mating (2). In humans prolactin is also produced peripherally, while in rodents, the only known non-pituitary source is the placenta (1-3). Mouse serum Prolactin declines until mid-pregnancy, but increases in late pregnancy (1). Post-translational modifications such as polymerization, phosphorylation, and proteolytic cleavage can alter the activities of prolactin (3). Cleavage by matrix metalloproteinases or Cathepsin D can produce N-terminal 16 kDa antiangiogenic fragments also called vasoinhibins (4, 5). Thrombin can produce C-terminal 16 kDa fragments that are not antiangiogenic (3). The prolactin receptor (gene name PRLR) is a transmembrane type I glycoprotein that belongs to the cytokine hematopoietic receptor family. Expression of the prolactin receptor is widespread (2, 3). Each prolactin molecule is thought to bind two receptor molecules (6).

References
  1. Linzer, D.I.H. et al. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260:9574.
  2. Grattan, D.R. and I.C. Kokay (2008) J. Neuroendocrinol. 20:752.
  3. Ben-Jonathan, N. et al. (2008) Endocr. Rev. 29:1.
  4. Piwnica, D. et al. (2006) Mol. Endocrinol. 20:3263.
  5. Macotela, Y. et al. (2006) J. Cell Sci. 119:1790.
  6. Broutin, I. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285:8422.
Entrez Gene IDs
5617 (Human); 19109 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
PRL; Prolactin

Citations for Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

4 Citations: Showing 1 - 4
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  1. Placenta-derived SOD3 deletion impairs maternal behavior via alterations in FGF/FGFR-prolactin signaling axis
    Authors: Xu, Y;Alves-Wagner, AB;Inada, H;Firouzjah, SD;Osana, S;Amir, MS;Conlin, RH;Hirshman, MF;Nozik, ES;Goodyear, LJ;Nagatomi, R;Kusuyama, J;
    Cell reports
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In vivo assay
  2. MafA is required for postnatal proliferation of pancreatic beta-cells.
    Authors: Eto K, Nishimura W, Oishi H, Udagawa H, Kawaguchi M, Hiramoto M, Fujiwara T, Takahashi S, Yasuda K
    PLoS ONE, 2014-08-15;9(8):e104184.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Prolactin stimulates precursor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus.
    Authors: Walker, Tara L, Vukovic, Jana, Koudijs, Margaret, Blackmore, Daniel G, Mackay, Eirinn W, Sykes, Alex M, Overall, Rupert W, Hamlin, Adam S, Bartlett, Perry F
    PLoS ONE, 2012-09-04;7(9):e44371.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  4. Unexpected expression of orexin-B in basal conditions and increased levels in the adult rat hippocampus during pilocarpine-induced epileptogenesis.
    Authors: Morales A, Bonnet C, Bourgoin N, Touvier T, Nadam J, Laglaine A, Navarro F, Moulin C, Georges B, Pequignot JM, Bezin L
    Brain Res., 2006-08-10;1109(1):164-75.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay

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