Recombinant Human IL-16 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Pro2-Ser130
Analysis
Product Datasheets
316-IL (with carrier)
316-IL/CF (carrier free)
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
316-IL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
316-IL/CF
| Formulation | Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped with dry ice or equivalent. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: IL-16
Interleukin 16, also named lymphocyte chemoattractant factor (LCF), was originally identified as a CD8+ T-cell-derived chemoattractant for CD4+ cells. The biologically active form of IL-16 was originally proposed to be a homotetramer of 14 kDa chains containing 130 amino acid residue subunits. The complete pro-IL-16 cDNA was subsequently cloned and shown to encode a 631 amino acid residue hydrophilic protein that lacked a signal peptide. The original 130 amino acid residue polypeptide is now believed to have been derived from the C terminus of the precursor. IL-16 precursor protein has been detected in the lysates of various cells including mitogen stimulated PBMCs. The biologically active and secreted natural IL-16 is assumed to be a proteolytic cleavage product of pro-IL-16 generated by proteases present in or on activated CD8+ cells. A likely cleavage site was proposed to be at aspartate residue 510. This would yield a 121 amino acid residue protein, smaller than the 130 aa residue protein first described. The expression of IL-16 precursor mRNA has been detected in various tissues including spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, peripheral leukocytes, bone marrow and cerebellum. The gene for IL-16 precursor has been localized to chromosome 15. The biological activities ascribed to IL-16 are reported to be dependent on the cell surface expression of CD4, suggesting that IL-16 is a CD4 ligand. Besides its chemotactic properties, IL-16 has also been shown to suppress HIV-1 replication in vitro. Recombinant E. coli-derived IL-16 produced at R&D Systems is present mostly as a monomer, exhibits chemotactic activity for lymphocytes at high concentrations, lacks chemotactic activites for monocytes, and binds the extracellular domain of CD4 with low affinity.
- Cruikshank, W.W. et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5109.
- Baier, M. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:5273.
- Zhou, A. et al. (1997) Nature Medicine 3:659.
- Bazan, J.F. and T.J. Schall (1996) Nature 381:29.
Citations for Recombinant Human IL-16 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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An inhibitor of RORgamma for chronic pulmonary obstructive disease treatment
Authors: H Desai, M Marathe, V Potdar, P Tiwari, A Joshi, SR Kadam, AR Joshi, A Kulkarni, V Bhosale, A Hadambar, B Lodhiya, V Udupa, D Behera, SS Chaudhari, S Das, M Bajpai, N Gowda, PS Iyer
Scientific Reports, 2022-05-24;12(1):8744.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
IL-16 promotes T. whipplei replication by inhibiting phagosome conversion and modulating macrophage activation.
Authors: Ghigo E, Barry AO, Pretat L, Al Moussawi K, Desnues B, Capo C, Kornfeld H, Mege JL
PLoS ONE, 2010-10-21;5(10):e13561.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.
Authors: Biancotto A, Iglehart SJ, Lisco A, Vanpouille C, Grivel JC, Lurain NS, Reichelderfer PS, Margolis LB
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-03-01;24(3):453-62.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1.
Authors: Biancotto A, Grivel JC, Iglehart SJ, Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Sieg SF, Debernardo R, Garate K, Rodriguez B, Margolis LB, Lederman MM
Blood, 2007-02-08;109(10):4272-9.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
HIV-1 pathogenesis differs in rectosigmoid and tonsillar tissues infected ex vivo with CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1.
Authors: Grivel JC, Elliott J, Lisco A, Biancotto A, Condack C, Shattock RJ, McGowan I, Margolis L, Anton P
AIDS, 2007;21(10):1263-72.
Species: N/A
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
IL-17 markedly up-regulates beta-defensin-2 expression in human airway epithelium via JAK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways.
Authors: Kao CY, Chen Y, Thai P, Wachi S, Huang F, Kim C, Harper RW, Wu R
J. Immunol., 2004-09-01;173(5):3482-91.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Chemoattractant factors in breast milk from allergic and nonallergic mothers.
Authors: Bottcher MF, Jenmalm MC, Bjorksten B, Garofalo RP
Pediatr. Res., 2000-05-01;47(5):592-7.
Applications: ELISA (Standard)
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