Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF-1 beta (aa 19-93)
Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF-1 beta (aa 19-93) Summary
Product Specifications
Ser19-Met93
Analysis
Product Datasheets
2716-SD (with carrier)
2716-SD/CF (carrier free)
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2716-SD
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 10 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
2716-SD/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: CXCL12/SDF-1 beta
CXCL12, also known as SCYB12, PBSF and SDF-1 beta, is an 8.3 kDa, heparin-binding member of the CXC (or alpha-) family of chemokines (1, 2). Feline CXCL12( beta ) is synthesized as a 93 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and a 72 aa mature region (3). The mature molecule exhibits a typical three antiparallel beta -strand chemokine-like fold. There are no potential N-linked glycosylation sites. N-terminal aa’s 1 - 8 form a receptor binding site, while aa’s 1 and 2 (Lys-Pro) are involved in receptor activation (4). The C-terminus is likely associated with heparin binding (5). SDF-1 beta circulates and undergoes proteolytic processing. CD26 will remove the first two N-terminal amino acids, possibly creating a reduced-activity chemokine (5, 6). In addition to the beta -isoform, alternate splicing of the feline SDF-1 gene generates an alpha -isoform. The alpha isoform is identical to SDF-1 beta, but shorter by four aa’s at the C-terminus (3). Although alpha - and beta -isoforms show similar activity, SDF-1 alpha is differentially processed, and different cells secrete the two isoforms (5, 7). Mature feline SDF-1 beta is 96%, 97% and 100% aa identical to rat, mouse and human SDF-1 beta, respectively. Human (and by inference, feline) SDF-1 is active on mouse cells. SDF-1 alpha and beta are reported to be a monomers at neutral pH and physiologic ionic strength (4). SDF-1 alpha is also reported to form dimers in the presence of heparan sulfate (8). On the cell surface, this may well facilitate SDF-1 interaction with its two receptors, CXCR4 and syndecan-4 (9). Heparan sulfate is known to protect SDF-1 from proteolysis, and CXCR4 exists constitutively as a dimer (9 - 11). Among its many functions, CXCL12 is known to influence lymphopoiesis, regulate patterning and cell number of neural progenitors, and promote angiogenesis (12, 13). It also enhances the survival of myeloid progenitor cells.
- Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie (2000) Immunity 12:121.
- Rollins, B.J. (1997) Blood 90:909.
- Nishimura, Y. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunogenet. 25:303.
- Crump, M.P. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:6996.
- Sierra, M.D. L. et al. (2004) Blood 103:2452.
- Davis, D.A. et al. (2005) Blood 105:4561.
- Stumm, R.K. et al. (2002) J. Neurosci. 22:5865.
- Veldkamp, C.T. et al. (2005) Protein Sci. 14:1071.
- Charnaux, N. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:1937.
- Percherancier, Y. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:9895.
- Babcock, G.J. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:3378.
- Klein, R.S. et al. (2004) Trends Immunol. 25:306.
- Salcedo, R. and J.J. Oppenheim (2003) Microcirculation 10:359.
- Broxmeyer, H.E. et al. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 73:630.
Citations for Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF-1 beta (aa 19-93)
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Androgen receptor and chemokine receptors 4 and 7 form a signaling axis to regulate CXCL12-dependent cellular motility.
Authors: Hsiao J, Ng B, Smits M, Wang J, Jasavala R, Martinez H, Lee J, Alston J, Misonou H, Trimmer J, Wright M
BMC Cancer, 2015-03-31;15(0):204.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Age- and dose-related effects on MSC engraftment levels and anatomical distribution in the central nervous systems of nonhuman primates: identification of novel MSC subpopulations that respond to guidance cues in brain.
Authors: Isakova IA, Baker K, Dutreil M, Dufour J, Gaupp D, Phinney DG
Stem Cells, 2007-10-11;25(12):3261-70.
Species: Primate - Macaca mulatta (Rhesus Macaque)
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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