Home / CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 / Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein

Catalog #: 275-GR
30 Citations 3 Reviews Datasheet

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
275-GR-010/CF
275-GR-050/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
275-GR-010
275-GR-050
Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein Bioactivity
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Product Details
Citations (30)
FAQs
Reviews (3)
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to induce myeloperoxidase release from cytochalasin B-treated human neutrophils. Schröder, J.M. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 139:3474. The ED50 for this effect is 0.15‑0.3 µg/mL. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CXCR2. The ED50 for this effect is 1‑4 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 protein
Ala35-Asn107
Accession #
P09341
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ala35
Predicted Molecular Mass
7.9 kDa

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275-GR (with carrier)

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275-GR/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

275-GR

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

275-GR/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Bioactivity Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein Bioactivity View Larger

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (Catalog # 275-GR) chemoattracts BaF3 mouse pro B cells transfected with human CXCR2. The ED50 for this effect is 1‑4 ng/mL.

Background: CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1

CXCL1, also known as KC, GRO alpha, and CINC-1, is an approximately 8 kDa proinflammatory chemokine that plays a key role in neutrophil migration and activation (1). Mature human CXCL1 shares 64% and 67% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat CXCL1, respectively (2). It is produced by many cell types in inflammatory sites and during chronic inflammatory diseases (1). CXCL1 can associate into bioactive dimers and primarily signals through CXCR2/IL-8 RB but can also bind with lower affinity to CXCR2/IL-8 RA (3-5). It induces neutrophil migration, extravasation, respiratory burst, and degranulation and also induces T cells to produce proinflammatory IL-17 (4, 6, 7). CXCL1 additionally binds to Syndecan-1 on epithelial cells which acts as a sink for CXCL1 activity until Syndecan-1 cleavage by MMP-7 (8). CXCL1 is up-regulated in spinal cord astrocytes by inflammatory stimuli or tumor cell injection, and it exacerbates pain sensation by potentiating excitatory NMDA neurotransmission (9, 10). In the circulatory system, CXCL1 interacts with CXCR2 on endothelial cells to promote lymphatic tube formation and angiogenesis (11, 12). It promotes the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes resulting in cartilage matrix deposition, calcification, and remodeling (13). It interacts with both CXCR1 and CXCR2 on adipose stromal cells and promotes their recruitment to prostate tumors in obese patients (14). It also binds CXCR2 on ovarian cancer cells, leading to cleavage of cell surface HB-EGF, transactivation of EGF R, and cell proliferation (15).

References
  1. Strieter, R.M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:593.
  2. Baker, N.E. et al. (1990) Nucl. Acids Res. 18:6453.
  3. Sawant, K.V. et al. (2015) J. Innate Immun. 7:647.
  4. Geiser, T. et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:15419.
  5. Ahuja, S.K. and P.M. Murphy (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:20545.
  6. Jin, L. et al. (2014) J. Immunol. 193:3549.
  7. De Filippo, K. et al. (2013) Blood 121:4930.
  8. Gill, S.E. et al. (2016) Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. PMID 26934670.
  9. Cao, D.-L. et al. (2014) Exp. Neurol. 261:328.
  10. Xu, J. et al. (2014) J. Neuroinflamm. 11:38.
  11. Xu, J. et al. (2012) Int. J. Cancer 130:787.
  12. Miyake, M. et al. (2013) Lab. Invest. 93:768.
  13. Merz, D. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:4406.
  14. Zhang, T. et al. (2016) Nat. Commun. 7:11674.
  15. Bolitho, C. et al. (2010) Endocr. Relat. Cancer 17:929.
Entrez Gene IDs
2919 (Human); 14825 (Mouse); 81503 (Rat)
Alternate Names
CINC1; CINC-1; CXCL1; FSP; GRO alpha; GRO1; GROa; KC; MGSA; MGSA-a; MGSA-alpha; NAP-3; SCYB1

Citations for Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

30 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Cytokines released from human adipose tissue-derived stem cells by bFGF stimulation: Effects of IL-8 and CXCL-1 on wound healing
    Authors: Matsui, C;Koide, H;Ikeda, T;Ikegami, T;Yamamoto, T;Escandón, JM;Mohammad, A;Ito, T;Mizuno, H;
    Regenerative therapy
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. IL-1 Generated by Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stimulates Tumor-Induced and RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis: A Possible Mechanism of Bone Resorption Induced by the Infiltration of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Authors: Y Fukawa, K Kayamori, M Tsuchiya, T Ikeda
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-12-30;24(1):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  3. ADAM17-mediated EGFR ligand shedding directs macrophage promoted cancer cell invasion
    Authors: S Gnosa, L Puig-Blasc, KB Piotrowski, ML Freiberg, S Savickas, DH Madsen, U Auf dem Ke, P Kronqvist, M Kveiborg
    JCI Insight, 2022-09-22;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Stimulation
  4. On the origin of metastases: Induction of pro-metastatic states after impending cell death via ER stress, reprogramming, and a cytokine storm
    Authors: A Conod, M Silvano, A Ruiz I Alt
    Cell Reports, 2022-03-08;38(10):110490.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. Overriding impaired FPR chemotaxis signaling in diabetic neutrophil stimulates infection control in murine diabetic wound
    Authors: R Roy, J Zayas, SK Singh, K Delgado, SJ Wood, MF Mohamed, DM Frausto, YA Albalawi, TP Price, R Estupinian, EF Giurini, TM Kuzel, A Zloza, J Reiser, SH Shafikhani
    Elife, 2022-02-03;11(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype Suppression Mediated by Small-Sized Mesenchymal Stem Cells Delays Cellular Senescence through TLR2 and TLR5 Signaling
    Authors: JH Kwon, M Kim, S Um, HJ Lee, YK Bae, SJ Choi, HH Hwang, W Oh, HJ Jin
    Cells, 2021-01-03;10(1):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. Defective migration and dysmorphology of neutrophil granulocytes in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia treated with ruxolitinib
    Authors: L Bornemann, M Schuster, S Schmitz, C Sobczak, C Bessen, SF Merz, KH Jöckel, T Haverkamp, M Gunzer, JR Göthert
    BMC Cancer, 2020-07-13;20(1):650.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. Neutrophil recruitment to inflamed joints can occur without cellular priming
    Authors: L Björkman, K Christenso, L Davidsson, J Mårtensson, F Amirbeagi, A Welin, H Forsman, A Karlsson, C Dahlgren, J Bylund
    J. Leukoc. Biol., 2018-12-20;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. Genetic alterations driving metastatic colony formation are acquired outside of the primary tumour in melanoma
    Authors: M Werner-Kle, S Scheitler, M Hoffmann, I Hodak, K Dietz, P Lehnert, V Naimer, B Polzer, S Treitschke, C Werno, A Markiewicz, K Weidele, Z Czyz, U Hohenleutn, C Hafner, S Haferkamp, M Berneburg, P Rümmele, A Ulmer, CA Klein
    Nat Commun, 2018-02-09;9(1):595.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  10. CXCL1 induces senescence of cancer-associated fibroblasts via autocrine loops in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Authors: EK Kim, S Moon, DK Kim, X Zhang, J Kim
    PLoS ONE, 2018-01-23;13(1):e0188847.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  11. Islet inflammation and ductal proliferation may be linked to increased pancreatitis risk in type 2 diabetes
    Authors: B Schludi, ASM Moin, C Montemurro, T Gurlo, AV Matveyenko, D Kirakossia, DW Dawson, SM Dry, PC Butler, AE Butler
    JCI Insight, 2017-07-06;2(13):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  12. Senescent peritoneal mesothelium creates a niche for ovarian cancer metastases
    Cell Death Dis, 2016-12-29;7(12):e2565.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. Early dissemination seeds metastasis in breast cancer
    Nature, 2016-12-14;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  14. P2RX7 sensitizes Mac-1/ICAM-1-dependent leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and promotes neurovascular injury during septic encephalopathy.
    Authors: Wang H, Hong L, Huang J, Jiang Q, Tao R, Tan C, Lu N, Wang C, Ahmed M, Lu Y, Liu Z, Shi W, Lai E, Wilcox C, Han F
    Cell Res, 2015-05-22;25(6):674-90.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  15. Stromal cells positively and negatively modulate the growth of cancer cells: stimulation via the PGE2-TNFalpha-IL-6 pathway and inhibition via secreted GAPDH-E-cadherin interaction.
    Authors: Kawada M, Inoue H, Ohba S, Yoshida J, Masuda T, Yamasaki M, Usami I, Sakamoto S, Abe H, Watanabe T, Yamori T, Shibasaki M, Nomoto A
    PLoS ONE, 2015-03-18;10(3):e0119415.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  16. CXCR2 and its related ligands play a novel role in supporting the pluripotency and proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells.
    Authors: Jung J, Lee S, Kim J, Lee S, Sung H, An J, Park Y, Kim B
    Stem Cells Dev, 2014-12-23;24(8):948-61.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  17. Phosphoproteomic profiling reveals IL6-mediated paracrine signaling within the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors.
    Authors: Anderson J, Titz B, Akiyama R, Komisopoulou E, Park A, Tap W, Graeber T, Denny C
    Mol Cancer Res, 2014-08-04;12(12):1740-54.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  18. CXCR2-driven ovarian cancer progression involves upregulation of proinflammatory chemokines by potentiating NF-kappaB activation via EGFR-transactivated Akt signaling.
    Authors: Dong Y, Kabir S, Lee E, Son D
    PLoS ONE, 2013-12-20;8(12):e83789.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  19. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition restores neutrophil accuracy in the elderly: toward targeted treatments for immunosenescence.
    Authors: Sapey E, Greenwood H, Walton G, Mann E, Love A, Aaronson N, Insall R, Stockley R, Lord J
    Blood, 2013-11-04;123(2):239-48.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  20. Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
    Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
    Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  21. Primary human acute myelogenous leukemia cells release matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors: release profile and pharmacological modulation.
    Authors: Reikvam H, Hatfield KJ, Oyan AM, Kalland KH, Kittang AO, Bruserud O
    Eur. J. Haematol., 2009-11-17;84(3):239-51.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  22. Identifying serological biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectroscopy.
    Authors: Wu FX, Wang Q, Zhang ZM, Huang S, Yuan WP, Liu JY, Ban KC, Zhao YN
    Cancer Lett., 2009-03-05;279(2):163-70.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: ELISA Developmet
  23. The inflammatory microenvironment of the aging prostate facilitates cellular proliferation and hypertrophy.
    Authors: Begley LA, Kasina S, Macdonald J, Macoska JA
    Cytokine, 2008-06-24;43(2):194-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  24. IL-1beta-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 and p38alpha MAPK mediates the transcriptional up-regulation of IL-6, IL-8 and GRO-alpha in HeLa cells.
    Authors: Yang HT, Cohen P, Rousseau S
    Cell. Signal., 2007-11-07;20(2):375-80.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  25. S100A11, an dual mediator for growth regulation of human keratinocytes.
    Authors: Sakaguchi M, Sonegawa H, Murata H, Kitazoe M, Futami J, Kataoka K, Yamada H, Huh NH
    Mol. Biol. Cell, 2007-10-31;19(1):78-85.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  26. Novel antiviral activity of chemokines.
    Authors: Nakayama T, Shirane J, Hieshima K, Shibano M, Watanabe M, Jin Z, Nagakubo D, Saito T, Shimomura Y, Yoshie O
    Virology, 2006-04-17;350(2):484-92.
    Species: Virus
    Sample Types: Virus, Whole Cells
    Applications: Binding Assay, Bioassay
  27. Normalizing the bone marrow microenvironment with p38 inhibitor reduces multiple myeloma cell proliferation and adhesion and suppresses osteoclast formation.
    Authors: Nguyen AN, Stebbins EG, Henson M, O&amp;apos;Young G, Choi SJ, Quon D, Damm D, Reddy M, Ma JY, Haghnazari E, Kapoun AM, Medicherla S, Protter A, Schreiner GF, Kurihara N, Anderson J, Roodman GD, Navas TA, Higgins LS
    Exp. Cell Res., 2006-04-04;312(10):1909-23.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  28. Human CXCR2 (hCXCR2) takes over functionalities of its murine homolog in hCXCR2 knockin mice.
    Authors: Mihara K, Smit MJ, Krajnc-Franken M, Gossen J, Rooseboom M, Dokter W
    Eur. J. Immunol., 2005-09-01;35(9):2573-82.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  29. Specific CXC but not CC chemokines cause elevated monocyte migration in COPD: a role for CXCR2.
    Authors: Traves SL, Smith SJ, Barnes PJ, Donnelly LE
    J. Leukoc. Biol., 2004-05-20;76(2):441-50.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  30. Imbalance in the expression of CXC chemokines correlates with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid angiogenic activity and procollagen levels in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
    Authors: Keane MP, Donnelly SC, Belperio JA, Goodman RB, Dy M, Burdick MD, Fishbein MC, Strieter RM
    J. Immunol., 2002-12-01;169(11):6515-21.
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)

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Reviews for Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha Protein

Average Rating: 4.7 (Based on 3 Reviews)

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