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Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Chemokine Domain)

Catalog #: 362-CX
9 Citations Datasheet

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
362-CX-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
362-CX-025
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Product Details
Citations (9)
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Chemokine Domain) Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with mouse CX3CR1. The ED50 for this effect is 2‑10 ng/mL. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CX3CR1. The ED50 for this effect is 0.3-1.5 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human CX3CL1/Fractalkine protein
Gln25-Gly100
Accession #
Q6I9S9
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Gln25
Predicted Molecular Mass
8.5 kDa

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362-CX (with carrier)

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362-CX/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

362-CX

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

362-CX/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CX3CL1/Fractalkine

CX3CL1, also named neurotactin, is a novel chemokine identified through bioinformatics. CX3CL1 has a unique C-X3-C cysteine motif near the amino-terminus and is the first member of a fourth branch of the chemokine superfamily. Unlike other known chemokines, CX3CL1 is a type 1 membrane protein containing a chemokine domain tethered on a long mucin-like stalk. Human CX3CL1 cDNA encodes a 397 amino acid (aa) residue membrane protein with a 24 aa residue predicted signal peptide, a 76 aa residue chemokine domain, a 241 aa residue stalk region containing 17 degenerate mucin-like repeats, a 19 aa residue transmembrane segment and a 37 aa residue cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain of human CX3CL1 can be released, possibly by proteolysis at the dibasic cleavage site proximal to the membrane, to generate soluble CX3CL1. CX3CL1 mRNA has been detected in various tissues including the brain and heart. The expression of CX3CL1 was also reported to be up-regulated in endothelial cells and microglia by inflammatory signals. Membrane-bound CX3CL1 has been shown to promote adhesion of leukocytes. The soluble chemokine domain of human CX3CL1 was reported to be chemotactic for T cells and monocytes while the soluble chemokine domain of mouse CX3CL1 was reported to chemoattract neutrophils and T-lymphocytes but not monocytes. The gene for human CX3CL1 has been mapped to chromosome 16q.

References
  1. Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Nature 387:611.
  2. Bazan, J.F. et al. (1997) Nature 385:640.
  3. Mackay, C.R. (1997) Current Biology 7:R384.
Entrez Gene IDs
6376 (Human); 20312 (Mouse); 89808 (Rat); 102117496 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names
ABCD-3; C3Xkine; chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1; CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine; CX3CL1; CXC3; CXC3C; FKN; Fractalkine; Neurotactin; neurotactin); NTNsmall inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member 1 (fractalkine; NTTSmall-inducible cytokine D1; SCYD1C-X3-C motif chemokine 1; small inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member-1

Citations for Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Chemokine Domain)

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

9 Citations: Showing 1 - 9
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  1. The homozygous CX3CR1-M280 mutation impairs human monocyte survival
    Authors: AL Collar, M Swamydas, M O'Hayre, MS Sajib, KW Hoffman, SP Singh, A Mourad, MD Johnson, EM Ferre, JM Farber, JK Lim, CM Mikelis, JS Gutkind, MS Lionakis
    JCI Insight, 2018-02-08;3(3):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Fractalkine induces angiogenic potential in CX3CR1-expressing monocytes
    Authors: Y Park, J Lee, JY Kwak, K Noh, E Yim, HK Kim, YJ Kim, HE Broxmeyer, JA Kim
    J. Leukoc. Biol., 2017-12-28;0(0):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Plasmodium falciparum proteins involved in cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to chemokine CX3CL1
    Sci Rep, 2016-09-22;6(0):33786.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. CX3CL1/fractalkine is released from apoptotic lymphocytes to stimulate macrophage chemotaxis.
    Authors: Truman LA, Ford CA, Pasikowska M, Pound JD, Wilkinson SJ, Dumitriu IE, Melville L, Melrose LA, Ogden CA, Nibbs R, Graham G, Combadiere C, Gregory CD
    Blood, 2008-09-17;112(13):5026-36.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. Intra-neural administration of fractalkine attenuates neuropathic pain-related behaviour.
    Authors: Holmes FE, Arnott N, Vanderplank P, Kerr NC, Longbrake EE, Popovich PG, Imai T, Combadiere C, Murphy PM, Wynick D
    J. Neurochem., 2008-04-12;106(2):640-9.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  6. Inhibition of spinal microglial cathepsin S for the reversal of neuropathic pain.
    Authors: Clark AK, Yip PK, Grist J, Gentry C, Staniland AA, Marchand F, Dehvari M, Wotherspoon G, Winter J, Ullah J, Bevan S, Malcangio M
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2007-06-05;104(25):10655-60.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  7. Fractalkine reduces N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced calcium flux and apoptosis in human neurons through extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation.
    Authors: Deiva K, Geeraerts T, Salim H, Leclerc P, Hery C, Hugel B, Freyssinet JM, Tardieu M
    Eur. J. Neurosci., 2004-12-01;20(12):3222-32.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. Immunohistochemical assessment of fractalkine, inflammatory cells, and human herpesvirus 7 in human salivary glands.
    Authors: Latchney LR, Fallon MA, Culp DJ, Gelbard HA, Dewhurst S
    J. Histochem. Cytochem., 2004-05-01;52(5):671-81.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types:
    Applications: Control
  9. The transmembrane form of the CX3CL1 chemokine fractalkine is expressed predominantly by epithelial cells in vivo.
    Authors: Lucas AD, Chadwick N, Warren BF, Jewell DP, Gordon S, Powrie F, Greaves DR
    Am. J. Pathol., 2001-03-01;158(3):855-66.
    Applications: Antibody Absorption, Western Blot

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