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Recombinant Human Amphiregulin Protein

Catalog #: 262-AR
45 Citations Datasheet

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
262-AR-100/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
262-AR-100
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Citations (45)
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human Amphiregulin Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Marquardt, H. et al. (1984) Science 223:1079. The ED50 for this effect is 5-15 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human Amphiregulin protein
Ser101-Lys198
Accession #
Q5U026
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ser101
Predicted Molecular Mass
11 kDa

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262-AR (with carrier)

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262-AR/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

262-AR

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

262-AR/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Amphiregulin

Amphiregulin (AR) is a member of the EGF family of cytokines which is comprised of at least ten proteins including EGF, TGF-alpha, HB-EGF, and the various heregulins. All of these cytokines are synthesized as transmembrane precursors and are characterized by the presence of one or several EGF structural units in their extracellular domain. The soluble forms of these cytokines are released by proteolytic cleavage. Amphiregulin was originally isolated from the conditioned media of a PMA-treated MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line. The AR cDNA encodes a 252 amino acid (aa) residue transmembrane precursor. Multiple forms of native AR containing either 78 or 84 aa residues and both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides have been found. Amphiregulin mRNA expression can be detected in numerous carcinoma cell lines and the epithelial cells of various human tissues including colon, stomach, breast, ovary, kidney, etc.

Human AR stimulates the proliferation of various human and mouse keratinocytes, mammary epithelial cells and some fibroblasts. AR is also a growth inhibitor for various tumor cell lines. In certain colon carcinoma cell lines, AR has been shown to be an autocrine growth factor. Amphiregulin can bind to the EGF receptor. It has been suggested that in certain cell types, AR bioactivity may be mediated through the EGF receptor. The 98 aa residue long form of recombinant amphiregulin has shown to be approximately 5 - 10 fold more active than the 78 aa residue form of recombinant AR in an in vitro proliferation assay using Balb/3T3 fibroblasts.

Entrez Gene IDs
374 (Human); 11839 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
Amphiregulin; AR; AREG; AREGB; Colorectum cell-derived growth factor; CRDGF; MGC13647; schwannoma-derived growth factor; SDGF

Citations for Recombinant Human Amphiregulin Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

45 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Genomic and single-cell characterization of patient-derived tumor organoid models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
    Authors: Um, JH;Zheng, Y;Mao, Q;Nam, C;Zhao, H;Koh, YW;Shin, SJ;Park, YM;Lin, DC;
    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Heparan sulfate regulates amphiregulin signaling towards reparative lung mesenchymal cells during influenza A infection
    Authors: Loffredo, LF;Surpur, A;Ringham, OR;Li, F;de Los Santos-Alexis, K;Arpaia, N;
    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. EGF-Receptor against Amphiregulin (AREG) Influences Costimulatory Molecules on Monocytes and T Cells and Modulates T-Cell Responses
    Authors: Dreschers, S;Platen, C;Oppermann, L;Doughty, C;Ludwig, A;Babendreyer, A;Orlikowsky, TW;
    Journal of immunology research
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Amphiregulin Induces iNOS and COX-2 Expression through NF-?B and MAPK Signaling in Hepatic Inflammation
    Authors: Heo, YJ;Lee, N;Choi, SE;Jeon, JY;Han, SJ;Kim, DJ;Kang, Y;Lee, KW;Kim, HJ;
    Mediators of inflammation
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  5. EGF, TGF-? and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells
    Authors: Kamentseva, RS;Kharchenko, MV;Gabdrahmanova, GV;Kotov, MA;Kosheverova, VV;Kornilova, ES;
    International journal of molecular sciences
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) modulates oocyte nuclear maturation during IVM and improves post-IVF embryo development
    Authors: TT Dellaqua, RA Vígaro, LCZ Janini, M Dal Canto, MM Renzini, V Lodde, AM Luciano, J Buratini
    Theriogenology, 2022-11-03;195(0):209-216.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Oocytes
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. ADAM17-mediated EGFR ligand shedding directs macrophage promoted cancer cell invasion
    Authors: S Gnosa, L Puig-Blasc, KB Piotrowski, ML Freiberg, S Savickas, DH Madsen, U Auf dem Ke, P Kronqvist, M Kveiborg
    JCI Insight, 2022-09-22;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Stimulation
  8. Amphiregulin mediates non-cell-autonomous effect of senescence on reprogramming
    Authors: M von Joest, C Chen, T Douché, J Chantrel, A Chiche, QG Gianetto, M Matondo, H Li
    Oncogene, 2022-07-12;40(2):111074.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. Combining gene expression analysis of gastric cancer cell lines and tumor specimens to identify biomarkers for anti-HER therapies-the role of HAS2, SHB and HBEGF
    Authors: K Ebert, I Haffner, G Zwingenber, S Keller, E Raimúndez, R Geffers, R Wirtz, E Barbaria, V Hollerieth, R Arnold, A Walch, J Hasenauer, D Maier, F Lordick, B Luber
    BMC Cancer, 2022-03-09;22(1):254.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  10. Glioblastoma mutations alter EGFR dimer structure to prevent ligand bias
    Authors: C Hu, CA Leche, A Kiyatkin, Z Yu, SE Stayrook, KM Ferguson, MA Lemmon
    Nature, 2022-02-09;602(7897):518-522.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  11. Amphiregulin can predict treatment resistance to palliative first-line cetuximab plus FOLFIRI chemotherapy in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer
    Authors: SA Kim, H Park, KJ Kim, JW Kim, JH Sung, M Nam, JH Lee, EH Jung, KJ Suh, JY Lee, SH Kim, JO Lee, JW Kim, YJ Kim, JH Kim, SM Bang, JS Lee, KW Lee
    Scientific Reports, 2021-12-10;11(1):23803.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  12. Propofol induces apoptosis and ameliorates 5?fluorouracil resistance in OSCC cells by reducing the expression and�secretion of amphiregulin
    Authors: KS Yang, PC Che, MJ Hsieh, IN Lee, YP Wu, MS Chen, JC Chen
    Molecular Medicine Reports, 2021-12-03;25(1):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. Pulmonary fibrosis distal airway epithelia are dynamically and structurally dysfunctional
    Authors: IT Stancil, JE Michalski, D Davis-Hall, HW Chu, JA Park, CM Magin, IV Yang, BJ Smith, E Dobrinskik, DA Schwartz
    Nature Communications, 2021-07-27;12(1):4566.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  14. Generation of functional conjunctival epithelium, including goblet cells, from human iPSCs
    Authors: K Nomi, R Hayashi, Y Ishikawa, Y Kobayashi, T Katayama, AJ Quantock, K Nishida
    Cell Reports, 2021-02-02;34(5):108715.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  15. Synergistic induction of IL-23 by TNF&alpha, IL-17A, and EGF in keratinocytes
    Authors: B Ehst, Z Wang, J Leitenberg, D McClanahan, R De La Torr, E Sawka, AG Ortega-Loa, J Strunck, T Greiling, E Simpson, Y Liu
    Cytokine, 2020-11-02;0(0):155357.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  16. EREG-driven oncogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma exhibits higher sensitivity to Erlotinib therapy
    Authors: S Liu, Y Wang, Y Han, W Xia, L Zhang, S Xu, H Ju, X Zhang, G Ren, L Liu, W Ye, Z Zhang, J Hu
    Theranostics, 2020-08-25;10(23):10589-10605.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  17. Dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis
    Authors: M Oka, S Shimo, N Ohno, H Imai, Y Abekura, H Koseki, H Miyata, K Shimizu, M Kushamae, I Ono, K Nozaki, A Kawashima, T Kawamata, T Aoki
    Sci Rep, 2020-05-20;10(1):8330.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  18. AREG mediates the epithelial?mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells via the EGFR/ERK/NF?&kappaB signalling pathway
    Authors: L Wang, L Wang, H Zhang, J Lu, Z Zhang, H Wu, Z Liang
    Oncol. Rep., 2020-02-27;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  19. Initiation of human mammary cell tumorigenesis by mutant KRAS requires YAP inactivation
    Authors: S Lefort, S Tan, S Balani, B Rafn, D Pellacani, M Hirst, PH Sorensen, CJ Eaves
    Oncogene, 2019-11-26;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  20. Transfer of Functional Cargo in Exomeres
    Authors: Q Zhang, JN Higginboth, DK Jeppesen, YP Yang, W Li, ET McKinley, R Graves-Dea, J Ping, CM Britain, KA Dorsett, CL Hartman, DA Ford, RM Allen, KC Vickers, Q Liu, JL Franklin, SL Bellis, RJ Coffey
    Cell Rep, 2019-04-04;0(0):.
    Species: Human, Mouse
    Sample Types: Organoids, Recombinant Protein, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, Western Blot
  21. Multiple myeloma-derived exosomes are enriched of amphiregulin (AREG) and activate the epidermal growth factor pathway in the bone microenvironment leading to osteoclastogenesis
    Authors: S Raimondo, L Saieva, E Vicario, M Pucci, D Toscani, M Manno, S Raccosta, N Giuliani, R Alessandro
    J Hematol Oncol, 2019-01-08;12(1):2.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types:
  22. Amphiregulin Regulates Phagocytosis-Induced Cell Death in Monocytes via EGFR and Matrix Metalloproteinases
    Authors: C Platen, S Dreschers, LK Reiss, J Wappler, TW Orlikowsky
    Mediators Inflamm., 2018-11-04;2018(0):4310419.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  23. Yes-associated protein promotes the abnormal proliferation of psoriatic keratinocytes via an amphiregulin dependent pathway
    Authors: J Jia, C Li, J Yang, X Wang, R Li, S Luo, Z Li, J Liu, Z Liu, Y Zheng
    Sci Rep, 2018-10-15;8(1):14513.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Transfected Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  24. The tyrosine phosphorylated pro-survival form of Fas intensifies the EGF-induced signal in colorectal cancer cells through the nuclear EGFR/STAT3-mediated pathway
    Authors: NL Ta, K Chakraband, S Huault, AO Hueber
    Sci Rep, 2018-08-20;8(1):12424.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Protein
    Applications: Bioassay
  25. Influence of the HER receptor ligand system on sensitivity to cetuximab and trastuzumab in gastric cancer cell lines
    Authors: Julia Kneissl
    J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol, 2016-12-08;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  26. Evidence of two distinct functionally specialized fibroblast lineages in breast stroma
    Authors: Lone Rønnov-Jes
    Breast Cancer Res., 2016-11-03;18(1):108.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  27. Addiction to the IGF2-ID1-IGF2 circuit for maintenance of the breast cancer stem-like cells
    Oncogene, 2016-08-22;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  28. hCG-induced Sprouty2 mediates amphiregulin-stimulated COX-2/PGE2 up-regulation in human granulosa cells: a potential mechanism for the OHSS
    Sci Rep, 2016-08-19;6(0):31675.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  29. Amphiregulin mediates hCG-induced StAR expression and progesterone production in human granulosa cells
    Authors: L Fang, Y Yu, R Zhang, J He, YP Sun
    Sci Rep, 2016-04-26;6(0):24917.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  30. Membrane-Tethered Intracellular Domain of Amphiregulin Promotes Keratinocyte Proliferation.
    Authors: Stoll S, Stuart P, Lambert S, Gandarillas A, Rittie L, Johnston A, Elder J
    J Invest Dermatol, 2016-02-01;136(2):444-52.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: ELISA Developmet
  31. Epidermal Expression and Regulation of Interleukin-33 during Homeostasis and Inflammation: Strong Species Differences.
    Authors: Sundnes O, Pietka W, Loos T, Sponheim J, Rankin A, Pflanz S, Bertelsen V, Sitek J, Hol J, Haraldsen G, Khnykin D
    J Invest Dermatol, 2015-03-04;135(7):1771-80.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  32. The role of endogenous epidermal growth factor receptor ligands in mediating corneal epithelial homeostasis.
    Authors: Peterson J, Phelps E, Doll M, Schaal S, Ceresa B
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014-05-01;55(5):2870-80.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  33. Live-cell fluorescence imaging reveals high stoichiometry of Grb2 binding to the EGF receptor sustained during endocytosis.
    Authors: Fortian A, Sorkin A
    J Cell Sci, 2013-11-20;127(0):432-44.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  34. Human antigen R-mediated mRNA stabilization is required for ultraviolet B-induced autoinduction of amphiregulin in keratinocytes.
    Authors: Nakayama H, Fukuda S, Matsushita N, Nishida-Fukuda H, Inoue H, Shirakata Y, Hashimoto K, Higashiyama S
    J Biol Chem, 2013-02-21;288(15):10338-48.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  35. Amphiregulin enhances regulatory T cell-suppressive function via the epidermal growth factor receptor.
    Authors: Zaiss D, van Loosdregt J, Gorlani A, Bekker C, Grone A, Sibilia M, van Bergen en Henegouwen P, Roovers R, Coffer P, Sijts A
    Immunity, 2013-01-17;38(2):275-84.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  36. The Q43L mutant of neuregulin 2beta is a pan-ErbB receptor antagonist.
    Authors: Wilson KJ, Mill CP, Gallo RM, Cameron EM, VanBrocklin H, Settleman J, Riese DJ
    Biochem. J., 2012-04-01;443(1):133-44.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  37. Non-canonical HIF-2alpha function drives autonomous breast cancer cell growth via an AREG-EGFR/ErbB4 autocrine loop.
    Authors: Stiehl DP, Bordoli MR, Abreu-Rodriguez I, Wollenick K, Schraml P, Gradin K, Poellinger L, Kristiansen G, Wenger RH
    Oncogene, 2011-09-19;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  38. The EGFR ligands amphiregulin and heparin-binding egf-like growth factor promote peritoneal carcinomatosis in CXCR4-expressing gastric cancer.
    Authors: Yasumoto K, Yamada T, Kawashima A, Wang W, Li Q, Donev IS, Tacheuchi S, Mouri H, Yamashita K, Ohtsubo K, Yano S
    Clin. Cancer Res., 2011-04-11;17(11):3619-30.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  39. Amphiregulin carboxy-terminal domain is required for autocrine keratinocyte growth.
    Authors: Stoll SW, Johnson JL, Li Y, Rittie L, Elder JT
    J. Invest. Dermatol., 2010-04-29;130(8):2031-40.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  40. Development and validation of sandwich ELISA microarrays with minimal assay interference.
    Authors: Gonzalez RM, Seurynck-Servoss SL, Crowley SA
    J. Proteome Res., 2008-04-19;7(6):2406-14.
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  41. EGF-like ligands stimulate osteoclastogenesis by regulating expression of osteoclast regulatory factors by osteoblasts: implications for osteolytic bone metastases.
    Authors: Zhu J, Jia X, Xiao G, Kang Y, Partridge NC, Qin L
    J. Biol. Chem., 2007-07-17;282(37):26656-64.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  42. Epidermal growth factor-like growth factors prevent apoptosis of alcohol-exposed human placental cytotrophoblast cells.
    Authors: Wolff GS, Chiang PJ, Smith SM, Romero R, Armant DR
    Biol. Reprod., 2007-03-28;77(1):53-60.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  43. Cigarette smoke synergistically enhances respiratory mucin induction by proinflammatory stimuli.
    Authors: Baginski TK, Dabbagh K, Satjawatcharaphong C, Swinney DC
    Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2006-03-16;35(2):165-74.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  44. Human trophoblast survival at low oxygen concentrations requires metalloproteinase-mediated shedding of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor.
    Authors: Armant DR, Kilburn BA, Petkova A, Edwin SS, Duniec-Dmuchowski ZM, Edwards HJ, Romero R, Leach RE
    Development, 2006-01-11;133(4):751-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  45. Autocrine extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in normal human keratinocytes: metalloproteinase-mediated release of amphiregulin triggers signaling from ErbB1 to ERK.
    Authors: Kansra S, Johnson JL
    Mol. Biol. Cell, 2004-07-14;15(9):4299-309.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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