Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque BTLA Fc Protein, CF

Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque BTLA Fc Protein, CF Summary

• R&D Systems HEK293-derived Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque BTLA Fc Protein (10030-BT)
• Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
• All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee

Product Specifications

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: BTLA

B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA; CD272) is a 50-57 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the CD28 family of T cell co-stimulatory molecules (1-3). Mature cynomolgus BTLA contains a 127 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane sequence, and a 111 aa cytoplasmic domain. In humans, the cytoplasmic tail transmits inhibitory signaling via two ITIM motifs and three Tyr phosphorylation sites (4, 5). The ECD of cynomolgus BTLA shares 88% aa identity with that of human BTLA. A splice variant lacking the transmembrane domain has been reported in humans (6). Unlike other CD28 family members, the BTLA Ig domain in the ECD is of the I-type rather than V-type, and BTLA does not form homodimers (7). BTLA is also unusual in its interaction with the TNF superfamily member HVEM rather than with B7 family ligands (8). BTLA is expressed on T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and NK cells (9). Its expression is low in naïve T cells and increases during antigen-specific induction of anergy. In B cells, BTLA expression is highest in mature naïve cells (9). BTLA apparently limits T cell numbers, since its deletion results in overproduction of T cells, especially CD8⁺ memory T cells that are hyper-responsive to TCR cross-linking (10). Under the control of ROR gamma t and IL-7, BTLA regulates the homeostasis and inflammatory responses of gamma δT cells (11). The binding of BTLA and HVEM does not preclude the concurrent binding of other HVEM ligands such as LIGHT or Lymphotoxin-alpha (12).

Related Research Areas

• B Cell Activation
• Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Molecules
• ITIM/ITAM Immunoreceptors and Related Molecules
• Leukocyte Receptors/Markers in Tfh Cell Differentiation and Function
• Search Immune Checkpoint Targets