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Porcine IL-4 Antibody

Catalog #: AF654
5 Citations Datasheet
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF654
AF654-SP
Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑4 and Neutralization by Porcine IL‑4 Antibody.
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Citations (5)
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Porcine IL-4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Porcine
Specificity
Detects porcine IL-4 in ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, this antibody shows less than 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL‑4 and recombinant rat IL‑4.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant porcine IL-4
His25-Cys133
Accession # Q04745
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Porcine IL‑4 (Catalog # 654-P4)
Immunocytochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below

Porcine IL-4 Sandwich Immunoassay

Recommended Concentration
Reagent
ELISA Capture (Matched Antibody Pair)
0.2-0.8 µg/mL 

Use in combination with:

Detection Reagent: Porcine IL‑4 Biotinylated Antibody (Catalog # BAF654)

Standard: Recombinant Porcine IL-4 Protein (Catalog # 654-P4)

Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize IL‑4-induced proliferation in the TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cell line. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 1-5 µg/mL in the presence of 2 ng/mL Recombinant Porcine IL‑4.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑4 and Neutralization by Porcine IL‑4 Antibody. View Larger

Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑4 and Neutralization by Porcine IL‑4 Antibody. Recombinant Porcine IL-4 (Catalog # 654-P4) stimulates proliferation in the TF-1 human erythroleukemic cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Porcine IL-4 (2 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concen-trations of Porcine IL-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF654). The ND50 is typically 1-5 µg/mL.

Immunocytochemistry IL-4 antibody in Porcine PBMCs by Immunocytochemistry (ICC). View Larger

IL‑4 in Porcine PBMCs. IL-4 was detected in immersion fixed porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Goat Anti-Porcine IL-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF654) at 5 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-4

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a monomeric, approximately 13-18 kDa Th2 cytokine that shows pleiotropic effects during immune responses (1‑3). It is a glycosylated polypeptide that contains three intrachain disulfide bridges and adopts a bundled four alpha -helix structure (4). Porcine IL-4 is synthesized with a 24 amino acid (aa) signal sequence. Mature porcine IL-4 shares 78%, 59%, 41%, and 41% aa sequence identity with bovine, human, mouse, and rat IL-4, respectively. Human IL-4 is active on porcine vascular endothelial cells (5). IL-4 exerts its effects through two receptor complexes (6, 7). The type I receptor, which is expressed on hematopoietic cells, is a heterodimer of the ligand binding IL-4 R alpha and the common gamma chain (a shared subunit of the receptors for IL-2, -7, -9, -15, and -21). The type II receptor on non-hematopoietic cells consists of IL-4 R alpha and IL-13 R alpha 1. The type II receptor also transduces IL-13 mediated signals. IL-4 is primarily expressed by Th2-biased CD4+ T cells, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils (1, 2). It promotes cell proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin class switch to IgE in B cells, acquisition of the Th2 phenotype by naïve CD4+ T cells, priming and chemotaxis of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and the proliferation and activation of epithelial cells (8, 11). IL-4 plays a dominant role in the development of allergic inflammation and asthma (10, 12).

References
  1. Benczik, M. and S.L. Gaffen (2004) Immunol. Invest. 33:109.
  2. Chomarat, P. and J. Banchereau (1998) Int. Rev. Immunol. 17:1.
  3. Bailey, M. et al. (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1171:328.
  4. Redfield, C. et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30:11029.
  5. Stocker, C.J. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:3309.
  6. Mueller, T.D. et al. (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1592:237.
  7. Nelms, K. et al. (1999) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17:701.
  8. Paludan, S.R. (1998) Scand. J. Immunol. 48:459.
  9. Corthay, A. (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. 64:93.
  10. Ryan, J.J. et al. (2007) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 27:15.
  11. Grone, A. (2002) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 88:1.
  12. Rosenberg, H.F. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:1303.
Long Name
Interleukin 4
Entrez Gene IDs
3565 (Human); 16189 (Mouse); 287287 (Rat); 397225 (Porcine); 280824 (Bovine); 403785 (Canine); 574281 (Primate); 100302454 (Rabbit)
Alternate Names
B cell growth factor 1; BCDF; B-cell stimulatory factor 1; BCGF1; BCGF-1; binetrakin; BSF1; BSF-1; IL4; IL-4; IL-4B_cell stimulatory factor 1; IL4E12; interleukin 4; interleukin-4; Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1; MGC79402; pitrakinra

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Citations for Porcine IL-4 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

5 Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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  1. Development and validation of a multiplex fluorescent microsphere immunoassay assay for detection of porcine cytokines
    Authors: SA Hall, SH Ison, C Owles, J Coe, DA Sandercock, AJ Zanella
    MethodsX, 2019-05-17;6(0):1218-1227.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
    Applications: ELISA Capture
  2. Protective Role of Passively Transferred Maternal Cytokines against Bordetella pertussis Infection in Newborn Piglets
    Authors: S Elahi, DR Thompson, J Van Kessel, LA Babiuk, V Gerdts
    Infect. Immun., 2017-03-23;85(4):.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: ELISA Development (Capture)
  3. Anti-inflammatory activity of nanocrystalline silver-derived solutions in porcine contact dermatitis.
    Authors: Nadworny PL, Wang J, Tredget EE
    J Inflamm (Lond), 2010-02-19;7(0):13.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P
  4. Cytokine responses in gnotobiotic pigs after infection with virulent or attenuated human rotavirus.
    Authors: Azevedo MS, Yuan L, Pouly S, Gonzales AM, Jeong KI, Nguyen TV, Saif LJ
    J. Virol., 2006-01-01;80(1):372-82.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ELISpot Development
  5. NMDA receptor activation stimulates transcription-independent rapid wnt5a protein synthesis via the MAPK signaling pathway.
    Mol Brain, 2012-01-04;5(0):1.

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