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Hyaluronan (Ultra Low MW)

Catalog #: GLR003
4 Citations Datasheet
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
GLR003
Product Details
Citations (4)
FAQs
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Hyaluronan (Ultra Low MW) Summary

Product Specifications

Source
S. pyogenes fermentation-derived
Predicted Molecular Mass
4 - 8 kDa
SDS-PAGE
4.8 kDa

Product Datasheets

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GLR003

Product Datasheet

GLR003

Formulation White odorless powder
Reconstitution Hyaluronan can be reconstituted in aqueous solutions.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Store the unopened product at -20 to -70 °C. Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Hyaluronan

Hyaluronan (HA), also known as hyaluronic acid or sodium hyaluronate, is a naturally occurring linear polymer of the repeating disaccharide structure: D-glucuronic acid-beta-1, 3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-1,4 (1 - 3). It is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is ubiquitously present in the extracellular matrix of all vertebrates and is also present in the capsule of some strains of Streptococci. Unlike other GAGs such as chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and heparin sulfate, HA lacks sulfate groups. Except for the covalent binding with the heavy chain of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (2), HA is not covalently associated with other proteins. Mammalian HA is synthesized by one of three distinct HA synthases (HAS1, 2, and 3), which are plasma membrane proteins with multiple transmembrane domains (1 - 4). As UDP-sugar substrates are added, the growing HA polymer continuously translocates across the membrane to the extracellular surface. The three HA synthases differ in their rates of synthesis and produce HA polymers with different chain lengths. Whereas HAS-2 produces high molecular weight (HMW) HA with an average mass of greater than 2000 kDa, HAS-1 and HAS-3 produce HA with a size distribution of 200 - 2000 kDa (4). HA is important for the maintenance of a highly hydrated extracellular matrix in tissues, which is involved in cell adhesion and supports cell migration. HA also exhibits diverse biological functions by interacting with a large number of hyaluronan-binding proteins and cell surface receptors (CD44, LYVE-1) (5). HA biological functions differ depending on the size of HA (3 - 7). Whereas HMW HA (> 500 kDa) is anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive, low molecular weight (LMW) HA (10 - 500 kDa) is highly angiogenic and pro-inflammatory. HA oligomers are anti-apoptotic and upregulate heat shock protein expression. HA turns over rapidly in mammals, via the concerted actions of a family of at least 5 hyaluronidases (8).

References
  1. Weigel, P.H. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:13997.
  2. Bost, F. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Biochem. 252:339.
  3. Stern, R. (2004) Eur. J. Cell Biol. 83:317.
  4. Itano, N. and K. Kimata (2002) IUBMB Life 54:195.
  5. Day, A.J. http://www.glycoforum.gr.jp/science/hyaluronan/HA16/HA16E.html.
  6. Powell, J.D. and M.R. Horton (2005) Immunol. Res. 32:207.
  7. Csoka, A.B. et al. (2001) Matrix Biol. 20:499.
  8. Turley, E.A. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:4589.
Alternate Names
Hyaluronan

Citations for Hyaluronan (Ultra Low MW)

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

4 Citations: Showing 1 - 4
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  1. ROS-Mediated Fragmentation Alters the Effects of Hyaluronan on Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing
    Authors: Lin, X;Moreno, IY;Nguyen, L;Gesteira, TF;Coulson-Thomas, VJ;
    Biomolecules
    Species: N/A
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Hyaluronan Derived From the Limbus is a Key Regulator of Corneal Lymphangiogenesis
    Authors: M Sun, S Puri, KN Mutoji, YM Coulson-Th, VC Hascall, DG Jackson, TF Gesteira, VJ Coulson-Th
    Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2019-03-01;60(4):1050-1062.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis protects against central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity and increases CXCL12 expression in the inflamed CNS.
    Authors: Mueller A, Yoon B, Sadiq S
    J Biol Chem, 2014-06-27;289(33):22888-99.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
  4. Heterodimeric integrin complexes containing beta1-integrin promote internalization and lethality of anthrax toxin.
    Authors: Martchenko M, Jeong SY, Cohen SN
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2010-08-16;107(35):15583-8.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

FAQs

  1. Does R&D Systems® hyaluronan contain any chondroitin sulfate?

    • No, the hyaluronan is produced by microbial fermentation of Streptococcus pyogenes, which does not make chondroitin sulfate.

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