Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 Antibody

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF349
AF349-SP
VEGFR3/Flt‑4 in Human Cervical Squamous Metaplasia.
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Citations (27)
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Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human VEGFR3/Flt-4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 15% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse VEGFR3 is observed and less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant human VEGFR1 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human VEGFR3/Flt-4
Tyr25-Ile776
Accession # P35916
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Human VEGFR3/Flt‑4 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 349-F4)
Immunohistochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunohistochemistry VEGFR3/Flt-4 antibody in Human Cervical Squamous Metaplasia by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P). View Larger

VEGFR3/Flt‑4 in Human Cervical Squamous Metaplasia. VEGFR3/Flt-4 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human cervical squamous metaplasia using Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF349) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

Western Blot Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Western Blot TGF-beta 1, -beta 2 and -beta 3 reduce lymphatic marker expression in LECs.Primary human LECs were treated with 10, 20 or 30 ng/ml TGF-beta 1, -beta 2 and -beta 3 for 72 hours (a) or 100 hours (b). Untreated cells served as a control. Lysates were prepared and analysed by Western blot using antibodies specific for Lyve-1, Prox-1, VEGFR-3 or vimentin. Vinculin served as loading control. The experiment was performed twice with equivalent results. For densitometry evaluation, protein bands were analysed using the software ImageJ. Bands for the Prox-1, Lyve-1, vimentin and VEGFR-3 proteins were normalized to the corresponding loading control and are displayed as the expression level relative to the untreated control samples. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162221), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence View Larger

Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence Direct interaction between PI3K p85 and VEGFR-3.A, LEC whole cell lysate was immunoprecipitated with anti-PI3K or isotype control IgG followed by Western blotting of phospho-tyrosine (p-Tyr), VEGFR-3 or PI3K. LECs were treated with vehicle control (serum-free media ‘0′), IgG control, VEGF-C (100 ng/ml, C) or VEGF-A (100 ng/ml, A) ligand for 15 minutes. Control untreated LEC whole cell lysate is indicate by ‘WCL’ and Jurkat cell lysate served as a positive control (Jurkat). B, Detection of VEGFR-3/phospho-PI3K complexes (red spots) in vitro in LECs grown in absence (B, upper left panel) or presence (B, upper middle panel) of VEGF-C (100 ng/ml) for 15 minutes; CD31 staining (green); DAPI (blue); isotype IgG control in PLA (B, upper right panel); quantification of VEGFR-3/phospho-PI3K and VEGFR-3/total-PI3K PLA signals using Olink Imaging Software (B, lower panel). Data shown as mean±s.e.m. **P<0.01 using t-test analysis. n = 3. Bar = 50 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039558), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence View Larger

Detection of Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence Direct interaction between PI3K p85 and VEGFR-3.A, LEC whole cell lysate was immunoprecipitated with anti-PI3K or isotype control IgG followed by Western blotting of phospho-tyrosine (p-Tyr), VEGFR-3 or PI3K. LECs were treated with vehicle control (serum-free media ‘0′), IgG control, VEGF-C (100 ng/ml, C) or VEGF-A (100 ng/ml, A) ligand for 15 minutes. Control untreated LEC whole cell lysate is indicate by ‘WCL’ and Jurkat cell lysate served as a positive control (Jurkat). B, Detection of VEGFR-3/phospho-PI3K complexes (red spots) in vitro in LECs grown in absence (B, upper left panel) or presence (B, upper middle panel) of VEGF-C (100 ng/ml) for 15 minutes; CD31 staining (green); DAPI (blue); isotype IgG control in PLA (B, upper right panel); quantification of VEGFR-3/phospho-PI3K and VEGFR-3/total-PI3K PLA signals using Olink Imaging Software (B, lower panel). Data shown as mean±s.e.m. **P<0.01 using t-test analysis. n = 3. Bar = 50 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039558), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: VEGFR3/Flt-4

VEGFR2 (KDR/Flk-1), VEGFR1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR3 (Flt-4) belong to the class III subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). All three receptors contain seven immunoglobulin-like repeats in their extracellular domains and kinase insert domains in their intracellular regions. The expression of VEGFR1, 2, and 3 is almost exclusively restricted to the endothelial cells. These receptors are likely to play essential roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

VEGFR3 cDNA encodes a 1298 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 24 aa residue signal peptide. Mature VEGFR3 is composed of a 751 aa residue extracellular domain, a 22 aa residue transmembrane domain and a 482 aa residue cytoplasmic domain. Both VEGF-C and VEGF-D have been shown to bind and activate VEGFR3 (Flt-4). VEGFR3 is widely expressed in the early embryo but becomes restricted to lymphatic endothelia at later stages of development. It is likely that VEGFR3 may be important for lymph angiogenesis.

References
  1. Ferra, N. and R. Davis-Smyth (1997) Endocrine Reviews 18:4.
Long Name
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3
Entrez Gene IDs
2324 (Human); 14257 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
EC 2.7.10; EC 2.7.10.1; FLT4; Flt-4; fms-related tyrosine kinase 4; LMPH1A; PCLFLT41; soluble VEGFR3 variant 1; soluble VEGFR3 variant 2; soluble VEGFR3 variant 3; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3; VEGF R3; VEGFR3; VEGFR-3; VEGFR3Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4

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Citations for Human VEGFR3/Flt-4 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

27 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Lymphatic Endothelial Differentiation in Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cells
    Authors: Jennifer M. Davis, Elizabeth Hyjek, Aliya N. Husain, Le Shen, Jennifer Jones, Lucia A. Schuger
    Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
  2. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 Directly Interacts with Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase to Regulate Lymphangiogenesis
    Authors: Sanja Coso, Yiping Zeng, Kenneth Opeskin, Elizabeth D. Williams
    PLoS ONE
  3. Atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3/CXCR7 controls postnatal vasculogenesis and arterial specification by mesenchymal stem cells via Notch signaling
    Authors: ST Wei, YC Huang, ML Hsieh, YJ Lin, WC Shyu, HC Chen, CH Hsieh
    Cell Death Dis, 2020-05-04;11(5):307.
  4. Influence of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1-3, and neuropilin 1-2 on progression-free: and overall survival in WHO grade II and III meningioma patients
    Authors: Simon Bernatz, Daniel Monden, Florian Gessler, Tijana Radic, Elke Hattingen, Christian Senft et al.
    Journal of Molecular Histology
  5. Intramembrane binding of VE-cadherin to VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 assembles the endothelial mechanosensory complex
    Authors: Brian G. Coon, Nicolas Baeyens, Jinah Han, Madhusudhan Budatha, Tyler D. Ross, Jennifer S. Fang et al.
    Journal of Cell Biology
  6. Apelin-VEGF-C mRNA delivery as therapeutic for the treatment of secondary lymphedema
    Authors: Creff, J;Lamaa, A;Benuzzi, E;Balzan, E;Pujol, F;Draia-Nicolau, T;Nougué, M;Verdu, L;Morfoisse, F;Lacazette, E;Valet, P;Chaput, B;Gross, F;Gayon, R;Bouillé, P;Malloizel-Delaunay, J;Bura-Rivière, A;Prats, AC;Garmy-Susini, B;
    EMBO molecular medicine
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  7. VEGFR3 is required for button junction formation in lymphatic vessels
    Authors: Jannaway, M;Iyer, D;Mastrogiacomo, DM;Li, K;Sung, DC;Yang, Y;Kahn, ML;Scallan, JP;
    Cell reports
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  8. Cysteine oxidation of copper transporter CTR1 drives VEGFR2 signalling and angiogenesis
    Authors: A Das, D Ash, AY Fouda, V Sudhahar, YM Kim, Y Hou, FZ Hudson, BK Stansfield, RB Caldwell, M McMenamin, R Littlejohn, H Su, MR Regan, BJ Merrill, LB Poole, JH Kaplan, T Fukai, M Ushio-Fuka
    Nature Cell Biology, 2022-01-13;24(1):35-50.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Immunoprecipitation
  9. REDD1 is a determinant of low-dose metronomic doxorubicin-elicited endothelial cell dysfunction through downregulation of VEGFR-2/3 expression
    Authors: M Park, J Kim, T Kim, S Kim, W Park, KS Ha, SH Cho, MH Won, JH Lee, YG Kwon, YM Kim
    Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2021-10-25;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysate
    Applications: Western Blot
  10. Cellular crosstalk regulates the aqueous humor outflow pathway and provides new targets for glaucoma therapies
    Authors: BR Thomson, P Liu, T Onay, J Du, SW Tompson, S Misener, RR Purohit, TL Young, J Jin, SE Quaggin
    Nature Communications, 2021-10-18;12(1):6072.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  11. The role of antibody expression and their association with bladder cancer recurrence: a single-centre prospective clinical-pilot study in 35 patients
    Authors: P Ella-Tongw, RM Lamb, A Makanga, I Shergill, SF Hughes
    BMC Urol, 2020-11-25;20(1):187.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P
  12. Lymphatic endothelial progenitors originate from plastic myeloid cells activated by toll-like receptor-4
    Authors: LD Volk-Drape, KL Hall, AC Wilber, S Ran
    PLoS ONE, 2017-06-09;12(6):e0179257.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Flow Cytometry, ICC
  13. VEGFR3 Modulates Vascular Permeability by Controlling VEGF/VEGFR2 Signaling
    Authors: K Heinolaine, S Karaman, G D'Amico, T Tammela, R Sormunen, L Eklund, K Alitalo, G Zarkada
    Circ. Res, 2017-03-15;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  14. Effects of neuregulin GGF2 (cimaglermin alfa) dose and treatment frequency on left ventricular function in rats following myocardial infarction
    Authors: Tom J Parry
    Eur. J. Pharmacol, 2016-12-16;796(0):76-89.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Western Blot
  15. Specific niches for lung-resident memory CD8+ T cells at the site of tissue regeneration enable CD69-independent maintenance
    Authors: Masaaki Miyazawa
    J. Exp. Med., 2016-11-04;0(0):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-Fr
  16. TGF-?1 Is Present at High Levels in Wound Fluid from Breast Cancer Patients Immediately Post-Surgery, and Is Not Increased by Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT)
    PLoS ONE, 2016-09-02;11(9):e0162221.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  17. Primary Tumor-Secreted Lymphangiogenic Factors Induce Pre-Metastatic Lymphvascular Niche Formation at Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
    Authors: Wakisaka N, Hasegawa Y, Yoshimoto S, Miura K, Shiotani A, Yokoyama J, Sugasawa M, Moriyama-Kita M, Endo K, Yoshizaki T
    PLoS ONE, 2015-12-02;10(12):e0144056.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P
  18. Lymphatic endothelial cells support tumor growth in breast cancer.
    Authors: Lee, Esak, Pandey, Niranjan, Popel, Aleksand
    Sci Rep, 2014-07-28;4(0):5853.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
    Applications: IHC
  19. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
    Authors: Omoto, Itaru, Matsumoto, Masataka, Okumura, Hiroshi, Uchikado, Yasuto, Setoyama, Tetsuro, Kita, Yoshiaki, Owaki, Tetsuhir, Kijima, Yuko, Shinchi, Hiroyuki, Ishigami, Sumiya, Ueno, Shinichi, Natsugoe, Shoji
    Oncol Lett, 2014-01-24;7(4):1027-1032.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  20. VEGF-D promotes tumor growth and lymphatic spread in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Authors: Thelen A, Scholz A, Benckert C, Von Marschall Z, Schroder M, Wiedenmann B, Neuhaus P, Rosewicz S, Jonas S
    Int. J. Cancer, 2008-06-01;122(11):2471-81.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  21. All three receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are expressed on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells.
    Authors: Bairey O, Boycov O, Kaganovsky E, Zimra Y, Shaklai M, Rabizadeh E
    Leuk. Res., 2004-03-01;28(3):243-8.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  22. Cyclooxygenase-2 induces EP1- and HER-2/Neu-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor-C up-regulation: a novel mechanism of lymphangiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma.
    Authors: Su JL, Shih JY, Yen ML, Jeng YM, Chang CC, Hsieh CY, Wei LH, Yang PC, Kuo ML
    Cancer Res., 2004-01-15;64(2):554-64.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot
  23. Malignant mesothelioma growth inhibition by agents that target the VEGF and VEGF-C autocrine loops.
    Authors: Masood R, Kundra A, Zhu S, Xia G, Scalia P, Smith DL, Gill PS
    Int. J. Cancer, 2003-05-01;104(5):603-10.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
  24. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D and its receptor, VEGF receptor 3, as a prognostic factor in endometrial carcinoma.
    Authors: Yokoyama Y, Charnock-Jones DS, Licence D, Yanaihara A, Hastings JM, Holland CM, Emoto M, Sakamoto A, Sakamoto T, Maruyama H, Sato S, Mizunuma H, Smith SK
    Clin. Cancer Res., 2003-04-01;9(4):1361-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P
  25. Mechanoinduction of lymph vessel expansion
    Authors: Lara Planas-Paz, Boris Strilić, Axel Goedecke, Georg Breier, Reinhard Fässler, Eckhard Lammert
    The EMBO Journal
  26. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C in human pterygium
    Authors: Junichi Fukuhara, Satoru Kase, Tsutomu Ohashi, Ryo Ando, Zhenyu Dong, Kousuke Noda et al.
    Histochemistry and Cell Biology
  27. Identification of ILK as a critical regulator of VEGFR 3 signalling and lymphatic vascular growth
    Authors: Sofia Urner, Lara Planas‐Paz, Laura Sophie Hilger, Carina Henning, Anna Branopolski, Molly Kelly‐Goss et al.
    The EMBO Journal

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