Human Thioredoxin-1 Alexa Fluor® 532-conjugated Antibody

Catalog #: AF1970X Datasheet
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF1970X-100UG
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Human Thioredoxin-1 Alexa Fluor® 532-conjugated Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human Thioredoxin-1 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Thioredoxin-1 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant human Thioredoxin-1
Val2-Val105
Accession # P10599
Formulation
Supplied 0.2mg/ml in 1X PBS with RDF1 and 0.09% Sodium Azide
Label
Alexa Fluor 532 (Excitation= 534 nm, Emission= 553 nm)

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
 
Immunohistochemistry
Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
 

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

Shipping
The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: Thioredoxin-1

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are a group of small ubiquitous proteins in all living cells that are key regulators of cellular redox balance (1, 2). The mammalian Trx family has three members. The Trx-1, which is a secreted and cellular protein, the mitochondria-specific Trx-2, and the Trx-like cytosolic protein p32TrxL (3-5). The active site of mammalian Trxs contains two cysteines in the conserved sequence -Y-C-G-P-C-K-. In Trx-1 the conserved cysteine residues are in positions 32 and 35, respectively. Trxs exist either in a reduced or in an oxidized state when the two cysteines at the active site form an intramolecular disulfide bridge. NADPH and the flavoprotein thioredoxin reductase can convert the oxidized Trx into the reduced Trx. Trx-1 is the only extracellular occurring thioredoxin, and is secreted by lymphocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and several tumor cells. Plasma concentrations of Trx-1 are up to 6 nM (6). In cells, Trx-1 is localized predominantly in the cytoplasm. Small amounts have been detected in the nucleus and in association with the outside surface of the cells. Expression of Trx-1 is increased under various stress conditions such as hypoxia, elevated hydrogen peroxide concentrations, photochemical oxidative stress, and viral and bacterial infections. Biological functions of Trx-1 include growth factor activity, antioxidant properties, a cofactor that provides reducing equivalents, and transcriptional regulation (1, 2). The synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients produces increased levels of Trx-1 under oxidative stress conditions, and a correlation exists between the plasma levels of Trx-1 and the severity of the disease, making Trx-1 a biomarker for this pathological condition (7, 8).

Entrez Gene IDs
7295 (Human)
Alternate Names
Thioredoxin1; Thioredoxin-1; TRDX;TRX;TRX1;Trx80;TXN; Trx1; TXN; TXN1

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