Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF6516
AF6516-SP
Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 by Western Blot.
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Product Details
Citations (10)
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Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human STING/TMEM173 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.
Source
Polyclonal Sheep IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant human STING/TMEM173
Ala215-Ser379
Accession # Q86WV6
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
1 µg/mL
See below
Simple Western
10 µg/mL
See below
Knockout Validated
STING/TMEM173 is specifically detected in HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line but is not detectable in STING/TMEM173 knockout HeLa cell line.
 

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Western Blot Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 antibody by Western Blot. View Larger

Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). PVDF Membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Human/Mouse STING/TMEM173 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6516) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). A specific band was detected for STING/TMEM173 at approximately 42 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 8.

Simple Western Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 antibody by Simple Western<sup>TM</sup>. View Larger

Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and STING/TMEM173 knockout HeLa cell line (KO), loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for STING/TMEM173 at approximately 41 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in knockout HeLa cell line. Sheep Anti-Human STING/TMEM173 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6516) was used at 10 µg/mL followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Immunohistochemistry Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. i, j Confocal images of CD31-positive microvessels (i) and quantification of microvascular density (j) in the peri-infarct cortex at 14 days in mice treated with control IgG or IFNAR-neutralizing antibody, and STING shRNA or control adenovirus (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P < 0.0001 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0007 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 40 μm. k, l In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images of perfused cortical capillaries with intravenously injected FITC-dextran (k) and quantification of perfused capillary length (l) at 14 days after stroke (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0006 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0080 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graph a–h, j, l, and n are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Western Blot Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. f Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in the ischemic cortex at day 3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Western Blot Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. b Immunoblot analysis of STING, phosphorylated TBK1 (pTBK1), and pIRF3 in the cortex of mice without stroke or at day 3 after stroke. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Western Blot Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. d Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in the ischemic cortex at day 3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Western Blot Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs.h Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in isolated neutrophils for each group (n = 5). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunohistochemistry Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. k, l In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images of perfused cortical capillaries with intravenously injected FITC-dextran (k) and quantification of perfused capillary length (l) at 14 days after stroke (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0006 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0080 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graphs are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunohistochemistry Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry View Larger

Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graphs are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: STING/TMEM173

STING (Stimulator of interferon genes; also ERIS, MPYS, MITA and TMEM173) is a 40-42 kDa 4-transmembrane protein that mediates both antiviral and MHC-II antigen recognition responses. STING is found in the ER, mitochondrial outer membrane and plasma membrane. It acts as an adaptor protein for intracellular viral detection molecules, participating in the induction of type I interferon. It also may play a role in the initiation of apoptosis following MHC-II engagement. Cells known to express STING include B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocytes. Human STING is 379 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains an N-terminal cytoplasmic region (aa 1-20), four transmembrane segments (aa 21-173), and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain (aa 174-379). Ubiquitination occurs at Lys150, and phosphorylation occurs at Ser358. STING forms 80 kDa homodimers. There are two potential splice forms, one that shows a 25 aa substitution for aa 1-173, and another that possesses an alternative start site at Met215, coupled to a premature truncation following Arg334. Over aa 215-379, human STING shares 76% aa identity with mouse STING.

Long Name
Stimulator of Interferon Genes Protein/Transmembrane protein 173
Entrez Gene IDs
340061 (Human); 72512 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator; Endoplasmic reticulum interferon stimulator; ERIS; FLJ38577; hMITA; hSTING; Mediator of IRF3 activation; MITA; mitochondrial mediator of IRF3 activation; MPYS; NET23; N-terminal methionine-proline-tyrosine-serine plasma membrane tetraspanner; SAVI; Stimulator of interferon genes protein; stimulator of interferon protein; STING; STING-beta; TMEM173; transmembrane protein 173

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Citations for Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

10 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Listeria monocytogenes induces IFN-beta expression through an IFI16-, cGAS- and STING-dependent pathway.
    Authors: Hansen K, Prabakaran T, Laustsen A et al.
    EMBO J
  2. The ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM10 promotes STING aggregation and activation in the Golgi apparatus
    Authors: L Kong, C Sui, T Chen, L Zhang, W Zhao, Y Zheng, B Liu, X Cheng, C Gao
    Cell Reports, 2023-03-26;42(4):112306.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: Co-Immunoprecipitation, ICC, Western Blot
  3. STING nuclear partners contribute to innate immune signaling responses
    Authors: Charles R. Dixon, Poonam Malik, Jose I. de las Heras, Natalia Saiz-Ros, Flavia de Lima Alves, Mark Tingey et al.
    iScience
  4. A STING antagonist modulating the interaction with STIM1 blocks ER-to-Golgi trafficking and inhibits lupus pathology
    Authors: T Prabakaran, A Troldborg, S Kumpunya, I Alee, E Marinkovi?, SJ Windross, R Nandakumar, R Narita, BC Zhang, M Carstensen, P Vejvisiths, MHS Marqvorsen, MB Iversen, CK Holm, LJ Østergaard, FS Pedersen, T Pisitkun, R Behrendt, P Pisitkun, SR Paludan
    EBioMedicine, 2021-04-02;66(0):103314.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
  5. STEEP mediates STING ER exit and activation of signaling
    Authors: BC Zhang, R Nandakumar, LS Reinert, J Huang, A Laustsen, ZL Gao, CL Sun, SB Jensen, A Troldborg, S Assil, MF Berthelsen, C Scavenius, Y Zhang, SJ Windross, D Olagnier, T Prabakaran, C Bodda, R Narita, Y Cai, CG Zhang, H Stenmark, CM Doucet, T Noda, Z Guo, R Goldbach-M, R Hartmann, ZJ Chen, JJ Enghild, RO Bak, MK Thomsen, SR Paludan
    Nat. Immunol., 2020-07-20;21(8):868-879.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  6. HSV1 VP1-2 deubiquitinates STING to block type I interferon expression and promote brain infection
    Authors: Chiranjeevi Bodda, Line S. Reinert, Stefanie Fruhwürth, Timmy Richardo, Chenglong Sun, Bao-cun Zhang et al.
    Journal of Experimental Medicine
  7. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by neutrophils impair revascularization and vascular remodeling after stroke
    Authors: L Kang, H Yu, X Yang, Y Zhu, X Bai, R Wang, Y Cao, H Xu, H Luo, L Lu, MJ Shi, Y Tian, W Fan, BQ Zhao
    Nat Commun, 2020-05-19;11(1):2488.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Tissue Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  8. Attenuation of cGAS-STING signaling is mediated by a p62/SQSTM1-dependent autophagy pathway activated by TBK1
    Authors: T Prabakaran, C Bodda, C Krapp, BC Zhang, MH Christense, C Sun, L Reinert, Y Cai, SB Jensen, MK Skouboe, JR Nyengaard, CB Thompson, RJ Lebbink, GC Sen, G van Loo, R Nielsen, M Komatsu, LN Nejsum, MR Jakobsen, M Gyrd-Hanse, SR Paludan
    EMBO J., 2018-03-01;0(0):.
    Species: Human, Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  9. IFI16 is required for DNA sensing in human macrophages by promoting production and function of cGAMP
    Authors: KL Jønsson, A Laustsen, C Krapp, KA Skipper, K Thavachelv, D Hotter, JH Egedal, M Kjolby, P Mohammadi, T Prabakaran, LK Sørensen, C Sun, SB Jensen, CK Holm, RJ Lebbink, M Johannsen, M Nyegaard, JG Mikkelsen, F Kirchhoff, SR Paludan, MR Jakobsen
    Nat Commun, 2017-02-10;8(0):14391.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  10. cGAS Senses Human Cytomegalovirus and Induces Type I Interferon Responses in Human Monocyte-Derived Cells
    Authors: J Paijo, M Döring, J Spanier, E Grabski, M Nooruzzama, T Schmidt, G Witte, M Messerle, V Hornung, V Kaever, U Kalinke
    PLoS Pathog, 2016-04-08;12(4):e1005546.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot

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