Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody Summary
Ala215-Ser379
Accession # Q86WV6
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). PVDF Membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Human/Mouse STING/TMEM173 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6516) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). A specific band was detected for STING/TMEM173 at approximately 42 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 8.
Detection of Human STING/TMEM173 by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and STING/TMEM173 knockout HeLa cell line (KO), loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for STING/TMEM173 at approximately 41 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in knockout HeLa cell line. Sheep Anti-Human STING/TMEM173 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6516) was used at 10 µg/mL followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. i, j Confocal images of CD31-positive microvessels (i) and quantification of microvascular density (j) in the peri-infarct cortex at 14 days in mice treated with control IgG or IFNAR-neutralizing antibody, and STING shRNA or control adenovirus (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P < 0.0001 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0007 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 40 μm. k, l In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images of perfused cortical capillaries with intravenously injected FITC-dextran (k) and quantification of perfused capillary length (l) at 14 days after stroke (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0006 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0080 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graph a–h, j, l, and n are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. f Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in the ischemic cortex at day 3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. b Immunoblot analysis of STING, phosphorylated TBK1 (pTBK1), and pIRF3 in the cortex of mice without stroke or at day 3 after stroke. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. d Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in the ischemic cortex at day 3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Western Blot STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs.h Immunoblot analysis of STING, pTBK1, and pIRF3 in isolated neutrophils for each group (n = 5). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. k, l In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images of perfused cortical capillaries with intravenously injected FITC-dextran (k) and quantification of perfused capillary length (l) at 14 days after stroke (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0006 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0080 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graphs are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody by Immunohistochemistry STING-mediated effects on vascular remodeling are due to NETs. m, n In-vivo multiphoton microscopic images (m) of intravenously injected FITC-dextran leakage in cortical vessels at 14 days and quantification of the permeability (P) product of FITC-dextran (n) for each group (n = 6), unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied with *P = 0.0028 (Vehicle vs. IFNAR), *P = 0.0053 (Ad-con vs. Ad-sh-STING). Bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Source data underlying graphs are provided as a Source Data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32427863), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: STING/TMEM173
STING (Stimulator of interferon genes; also ERIS, MPYS, MITA and TMEM173) is a 40-42 kDa 4-transmembrane protein that mediates both antiviral and MHC-II antigen recognition responses. STING is found in the ER, mitochondrial outer membrane and plasma membrane. It acts as an adaptor protein for intracellular viral detection molecules, participating in the induction of type I interferon. It also may play a role in the initiation of apoptosis following MHC-II engagement. Cells known to express STING include B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocytes. Human STING is 379 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains an N-terminal cytoplasmic region (aa 1-20), four transmembrane segments (aa 21-173), and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain (aa 174-379). Ubiquitination occurs at Lys150, and phosphorylation occurs at Ser358. STING forms 80 kDa homodimers. There are two potential splice forms, one that shows a 25 aa substitution for aa 1-173, and another that possesses an alternative start site at Met215, coupled to a premature truncation following Arg334. Over aa 215-379, human STING shares 76% aa identity with mouse STING.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human STING/TMEM173 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Listeria monocytogenes induces IFN-beta expression through an IFI16-, cGAS- and STING-dependent pathway.
Authors: Hansen K, Prabakaran T, Laustsen A et al.
EMBO J
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The ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM10 promotes STING aggregation and activation in the Golgi apparatus
Authors: L Kong, C Sui, T Chen, L Zhang, W Zhao, Y Zheng, B Liu, X Cheng, C Gao
Cell Reports, 2023-03-26;42(4):112306.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: Co-Immunoprecipitation, ICC, Western Blot -
STING nuclear partners contribute to innate immune signaling responses
Authors: Charles R. Dixon, Poonam Malik, Jose I. de las Heras, Natalia Saiz-Ros, Flavia de Lima Alves, Mark Tingey et al.
iScience
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A STING antagonist modulating the interaction with STIM1 blocks ER-to-Golgi trafficking and inhibits lupus pathology
Authors: T Prabakaran, A Troldborg, S Kumpunya, I Alee, E Marinkovi?, SJ Windross, R Nandakumar, R Narita, BC Zhang, M Carstensen, P Vejvisiths, MHS Marqvorsen, MB Iversen, CK Holm, LJ Østergaard, FS Pedersen, T Pisitkun, R Behrendt, P Pisitkun, SR Paludan
EBioMedicine, 2021-04-02;66(0):103314.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: ICC, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot -
STEEP mediates STING ER exit and activation of signaling
Authors: BC Zhang, R Nandakumar, LS Reinert, J Huang, A Laustsen, ZL Gao, CL Sun, SB Jensen, A Troldborg, S Assil, MF Berthelsen, C Scavenius, Y Zhang, SJ Windross, D Olagnier, T Prabakaran, C Bodda, R Narita, Y Cai, CG Zhang, H Stenmark, CM Doucet, T Noda, Z Guo, R Goldbach-M, R Hartmann, ZJ Chen, JJ Enghild, RO Bak, MK Thomsen, SR Paludan
Nat. Immunol., 2020-07-20;21(8):868-879.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ICC -
HSV1 VP1-2 deubiquitinates STING to block type I interferon expression and promote brain infection
Authors: Chiranjeevi Bodda, Line S. Reinert, Stefanie Fruhwürth, Timmy Richardo, Chenglong Sun, Bao-cun Zhang et al.
Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Neutrophil extracellular traps released by neutrophils impair revascularization and vascular remodeling after stroke
Authors: L Kang, H Yu, X Yang, Y Zhu, X Bai, R Wang, Y Cao, H Xu, H Luo, L Lu, MJ Shi, Y Tian, W Fan, BQ Zhao
Nat Commun, 2020-05-19;11(1):2488.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Attenuation of cGAS-STING signaling is mediated by a p62/SQSTM1-dependent autophagy pathway activated by TBK1
Authors: T Prabakaran, C Bodda, C Krapp, BC Zhang, MH Christense, C Sun, L Reinert, Y Cai, SB Jensen, MK Skouboe, JR Nyengaard, CB Thompson, RJ Lebbink, GC Sen, G van Loo, R Nielsen, M Komatsu, LN Nejsum, MR Jakobsen, M Gyrd-Hanse, SR Paludan
EMBO J., 2018-03-01;0(0):.
Species: Human, Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ICC -
IFI16 is required for DNA sensing in human macrophages by promoting production and function of cGAMP
Authors: KL Jønsson, A Laustsen, C Krapp, KA Skipper, K Thavachelv, D Hotter, JH Egedal, M Kjolby, P Mohammadi, T Prabakaran, LK Sørensen, C Sun, SB Jensen, CK Holm, RJ Lebbink, M Johannsen, M Nyegaard, JG Mikkelsen, F Kirchhoff, SR Paludan, MR Jakobsen
Nat Commun, 2017-02-10;8(0):14391.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ICC -
cGAS Senses Human Cytomegalovirus and Induces Type I Interferon Responses in Human Monocyte-Derived Cells
Authors: J Paijo, M Döring, J Spanier, E Grabski, M Nooruzzama, T Schmidt, G Witte, M Messerle, V Hornung, V Kaever, U Kalinke
PLoS Pathog, 2016-04-08;12(4):e1005546.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot
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