Human/Mouse MIF Antibody Summary
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human MIF by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.2 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse MIF Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-289-PB) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for MIF at approximately 12 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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Detection of Human MIF by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for MIF at approximately 12 kDa (as indicated) using 25 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse MIF Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-289-PB) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.
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Detection of Mouse MIF by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of J774A.1 mouse reticulum cell sarcoma macrophage cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse MIF Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-289-PB) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for MIF at approximately 12 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: MIF
MIF (or macrophage migration inhibitory factor) was the first lymphokine/cytokine to be recognized in the pregenomics era (1, 2). Regardless, it is one of the least understood of all inflammatory mediators (1, 3). Human MIF is a 12.5 kDa, 115 amino acid (aa) nonglycosylated polypeptide that is synthesized without a signal sequence (4-7). Secretion occurs nonclassically via an ABCA1 transporter (8). The initiating Met is removed, leaving Pro as the first amino acid. The molecule consists of two alpha -helices and six beta -strands, four of which form a beta -sheet. The two remaining beta -strands interact with other MIF molecules, creating a trimer (2, 9, 10). Structure-function studies suggest MIF is bifunctional with segregated topology. The N- and C-termini mediate enzyme activity (in theory). Phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity (enol-to-keto) has been demonstrated and is dependent upon Pro at position #1 (11). Amino acids 50-65 have also been suggested to contain thiol-protein oxidoreductase activity (12). MIF has proinflammatory cytokine activity centered around aa’s 49-65. On fibroblasts, MIF induces, IL-1, IL-8 and MMP expression; on macrophages, MIF stimulates NO production and TNF-alpha release following IFN-gamma activation (13, 14). MIF apparently acts through CD74 and CD44, likely in some form of trimeric interaction (15, 16). Human MIF is active on mouse cells (14). Human MIF is 90%, 94%, 95%, and 90% aa identical to mouse, bovine, porcine and rat MIF, respectively.
- Norand, E.F. and M. Leech (2005) Front. Biosci. 10:12.
- Donn, R.P. and D.W. Ray (2004) J. Endocrinol. 182:1.
- Calandra, T. and T. Roger (2003) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3:791.
- Kozak, C.A. et al. (1995) Genomics 27:405.
- Weiser, W.Y. et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:7522.
- Paralkar, V. and G. Wistow (1994) Genomics 19:48.
- Wistow, G.J. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:1272.
- Flieger, O. et al. (2003) FEBS Lett. 551:78.
- Philo, J.S. et al. (2004) Biophys. Chem. 108:77.
- Sun, H-W. et al. (1996) Protein Eng. 9:631.
- Stamps, S.L. et. al. (2000) Biochemistry 39:9671.
- Nguyen, M.T. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:33654.
- Sato, A. et al. (2003) Dev. Comp. Immunol. 27:401.
- Bernhagen, J. et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33:14144.
- Leng, L. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 197:1467.
- Meyer-Siegler, K.L. and P.L. Vera (2005) J. Urol. 173:615.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Mouse MIF Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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The sex steroid precursor DHEA accelerates cutaneous wound healing via the estrogen receptors.
Authors: Mills SJ, Ashworth JJ, Gilliver SC, Hardman MJ, Ashcroft GS
J. Invest. Dermatol., 2005-11-01;125(5):1053-62.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot -
Estrogen modulates cutaneous wound healing by downregulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor.
Authors: Ashcroft GS, Mills SJ, Lei K, Gibbons L, Jeong MJ, Taniguchi M, Burow M, Horan MA, Wahl SM, Nakayama T
J. Clin. Invest., 2003-05-01;111(9):1309-18.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P
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