Human Cytochrome c (Human Heart Tissue) Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
The human heart tissue used for the isolation of this product was certified by the supplier to be non-reactive for anti-HIV-1/2, anti-HCV, HBsAg, and HIV-1 Ag at the time of shipment. Human products should always be treated in accordance with universal handling precautions. Cytochrome c was chemically oxidized during purification.
Product Datasheets
709-CCH
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
709-CCH
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Background: Cytochrome c
Cytochrome c is a critical mitochondrial outer membrane-associated protein in the electron transport chain (1). Reduction and oxidation of an iron molecule (Fe3+ to Fe2+ and back) within its central heme group allow it to receive an electron from the Cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase and pass it to cytochrome a within the cytochrome oxidase complex (1). Release of Cytochrome c from mitochondria occurs during initiation of apoptotic pathways, either by mechanisms that rupture or that do not rupture the mitochondial membrane (2, 3). Once in the cytosol, Cytochrome c forms a complex with procaspase 9, recruiting Apaf-1 (apoptotic protease activating factor-1) and dATP to form apoptosomes, which activate effector caspases and ultimately destroy the cell (2, 3). Cytochrome c is highly conserved, with 90% or greater amino acid identity among human (4), mouse, rat, cow and dog sequences. After Cytochrome c translation, the initial methionine is cleaved to form the 104 amino acid mature form.
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Zubay, G. L. (1983) “Biochemistry”, pp. 380, Addison‑Wesley Pub. Co, Inc.
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Liu, X. et al. (1996) Cell 86:147.
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Li, P. et al. (1997) Cell 91:479.
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Matsubara, H and E. L. Smith (1963) J. Biol. Chem. 238:2732.
Citation for Human Cytochrome c (Human Heart Tissue) Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
1 Citation: Showing 1 - 1
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Fas-mediated apoptosome formation is dependent on reactive oxygen species derived from mitochondrial permeability transition in Jurkat cells.
Authors: Sato T, Machida T, Takahashi S, Iyama S, Sato Y, Kuribayashi K, Takada K, Oku T, Kawano Y, Okamoto T, Takimoto R, Matsunaga T, Takayama T, Takahashi M, Kato J, Niitsu Y
J. Immunol., 2004-07-01;173(1):285-96.
Applications: Western Blot
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