Human CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Lys22-Met93
Accession # P48061
Applications
Human CXCL12/SDF-1 beta Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: CXCL12/SDF-1 beta
CXCL12, also known as SCYB12, PBSF and SDF-1 beta, is an 8.3 kDa, heparin-binding member of the CXC (or alpha-) family of chemokines (1, 2). Feline CXCL12( beta ) is synthesized as a 93 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and a 72 aa mature region (3). The mature molecule exhibits a typical three antiparallel beta -strand chemokine-like fold. There are no potential N-linked glycosylation sites. N-terminal aa’s 1 - 8 form a receptor binding site, while aa’s 1 and 2 (Lys-Pro) are involved in receptor activation (4). The C-terminus is likely associated with heparin binding (5). SDF-1 beta circulates and undergoes proteolytic processing. CD26 will remove the first two N-terminal amino acids, possibly creating a reduced-activity chemokine (5, 6). In addition to the beta -isoform, alternate splicing of the feline SDF-1 gene generates an alpha -isoform. The alpha isoform is identical to SDF-1 beta, but shorter by four aa’s at the C-terminus (3). Although alpha - and beta -isoforms show similar activity, SDF-1 alpha is differentially processed, and different cells secrete the two isoforms (5, 7). Mature feline SDF-1 beta is 96%, 97% and 100% aa identical to rat, mouse and human SDF-1 beta, respectively. Human (and by inference, feline) SDF-1 is active on mouse cells. SDF-1 alpha and beta are reported to be monomers at neutral pH and physiologic ionic strength (4). SDF-1 alpha is also reported to form dimers in the presence of heparansulfate (8). On the cell surface, this may well facilitate SDF-1 interaction with its two receptors, CXCR4 and syndecan-4 (9). Heparin sulfate is known to protect SDF-1 from proteolysis, and CXCR4 exists constitutively as a dimer (9 - 11). Among its many functions, CXCL12 is known to influence lymphopoiesis, regulate patterning and cell number of neural progenitors, and promote angiogenesis (12, 13). It also enhances the survival of myeloid progenitor cells.
- Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie (2000) Immunity 12:121.
- Rollins, B.J. (1997) Blood 90:909.
- Nishimura, Y. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunogenet. 25:303.
- Crump, M.P. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:6996.
- Sierra, M.D. L. et al. (2004) Blood 103:2452.
- Davis, D.A. et al. (2005) Blood 105:4561.
- Stumm, R.K. et al. (2002) J. Neurosci. 22:5865.
- Veldkamp, C.T. et al. (2005) Protein Sci. 14:1071.
- Charnaux, N. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:1937.
- Percherancier, Y. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:9895.
- Babcock, G.J. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:3378.
- Klein, R.S. et al. (2004) Trends Immunol. 25:306.
- Salcedo, R. and J.J. Oppenheim (2003) Microcirculation 10:359.
- Broxmeyer, H.E. et al. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 73:630.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.
Authors: Biancotto A, Iglehart SJ, Lisco A, Vanpouille C, Grivel JC, Lurain NS, Reichelderfer PS, Margolis LB
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-03-01;24(3):453-62.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1.
Authors: Biancotto A, Grivel JC, Iglehart SJ, Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Sieg SF, Debernardo R, Garate K, Rodriguez B, Margolis LB, Lederman MM
Blood, 2007-02-08;109(10):4272-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
HIV-1-infected and/or immune activated macrophages regulate astrocyte SDF-1 production through IL-1beta.
Authors: Peng H, Erdmann N, Whitney N, Dou H, Gorantla S, Gendelman HE, Ghorpade A, Zheng J
Glia, 2006-11-01;54(6):619-29.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Expression and regulation of the orphan receptor RDC1 and its putative ligand in human dendritic and B cells.
Authors: Infantino S, Moepps B, Thelen M
J. Immunol., 2006-02-15;176(4):2197-207.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Characterization of hematopoietic progenitor mobilization in protease-deficient mice.
Authors: Levesque JP, Liu F, Simmons PJ, Betsuyaku T, Senior RM, Pham C, Link DC
Blood, 2004-03-09;104(1):65-72.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Bone Marrow Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development
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