Human ASGR1/ASGPR1 Antibody Summary
Gln62-Leu291
Accession # P07306
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
Detection of ASGR1/ASGPR1 in HepG2 Human Cell Line by Flow Cytometry. HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line was stained with Mouse Anti-Human ASGR1/ASGPR1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB4394, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # MAB002, open histogram), followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0102B). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
ASGR1/ASGPR1 in BG01V Human Embryonic Stem Cells. ASGR1/ASGPR1 was detected in immersion fixed BG01V human embryonic stem cells differentiated to hepatocytes using Mouse Anti-Human ASGR1/ASGPR1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB4394) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Albumin was also detected using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse Serum Albumin Antibody (Catalog # AF3329). Cells were co-stained using the NorthernLights™ 493-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (green; Catalog # NL003). Specific staining of ASGR1/ ASGPR1 was localized to cell surfaces. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Stem Cells on Coverslips.
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: ASGR1/ASGPR1
The human asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is an endocytic recycling receptor that belongs to the long-form subfamily of the C-type/Ca+2-dependent lectin family (1, 2, 3). It is a complex of two noncovalently-linked subunits, a major 46 kDa glycoprotein (ASGR1) and a minor 50 kDa glycoprotein (ASGR2). The major human ASGPR subunit, ASGR1 (also H1), is synthesized as a 291 amino acid (aa) type II transmembrane (TM) glycoprotein. It contains a 40 aa cytoplasmic region, a 21 aa TM segment, and a 230 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (4 - 6). The cytoplasmic region contains one palmitoylation site at Cys36 that is essential for ligand endocytosis and dissociation (7). The ECD contains two important structural regions. The first is a stalk region of 62 aa (aa 61 - 123) that contributes to noncovalent oligomerization. The second is a 118 aa, carbohydrate-binding, Ca+2-dependent C-type lectin domain (aa 161 - 278) that is stabilized by three Ca+2 ions (3, 8). Human ASGR1 ECD is 79% aa identical to mouse ASGR1 ECD. There are two minor (ASGR2) subunits that interact with ASGR1/H1 in a mutually exclusive manner to generate a functional ASGPR (9). They represent alternate splice forms of a type II TM protein. Termed H2b and H2c, H2b differs from H2c only by the presence of a 19 aa insert in its cytoplasmic region. This insert is significant because it allows serine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail and provides for the majority of ASGPR ligand internalization (9). The stoichiometry of a functional ASGPR is unclear, but is suggested to be either a 2:2, 3:1 or 3:2 ratio of ASGR1/H1:ASGR2/H2 (9, 10, 11). ASGPR is found on hepatocytes and a subset of T cells (6, 12). ASGPR is reported to bind Gal (nonreducing), GalNAc, and sialic acid alpha 2,6Gal and GalNAc (3, 13, 14, 15). This is generally within the context of triantennary or tetraantennary configurations (2). The sialic acid terminations are of particular interest because molecules with these motifs most likely represent the endogenous ligands for ASGPR (14).
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